Self-Injurious Behavior
Conditions
Keywords
Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS), non-invasive brain stimulation
Brief summary
In order to assess the clinical efficacy of triple-daily 15mA-tACS stimulation by comparing the effects of active and sham tACS interventions on driving improvements in adolescent Nonsuicidal Self-Injury(NSSI), participants will be randomly assigned to either the active or sham tACS group. This trial consists of a 2-week intensified intervention phase (40 sessions), followed by a 4-week observation period. The key hypothesis is that triple-daily 15mA-tACS stimulation will enhance clinical recovery compared to sham stimulation.
Detailed description
Recognizing the clinical shortcomings of traditional methods for adolescent NSSI, study objective is to establish evidence supporting the efficacy of a triple-daily 15mA-tACS stimulation regimen targeting the forehead and both mastoids. This intervention will be administered five days a week over a four-week treatment period, with the aim of eliciting substantial clinical improvements in adolescent NSSI compared to a sham intervention. On the first day of the intervention, participants will receive a tACS session, followed by triple-daily tACS sessions administered for 13 consecutive days. Following the completion of treatment, participants will undergo follow-up observations every 7 days for 4 weeks. EEG and ECG recordings will be obtained at baseline, on day 1 after the first session, at the end of the 2-week intervention period (after 40 sessions), and at the 6-week follow-up. Throughout the sessions, all evaluations will be conducted under standardized conditions.
Interventions
DEVICEActive-tACS
Participants were comfortably positioned on a lounge chair and received alternating current stimulation using an FDA-approved tACS device (Nexalin Technology, Inc., Houston, TX, USA). Electrodes were evenly placed across the forehead and mastoid regions. Trained nurses administered the tACS according to standardized protocols.
DEVICESham-tACS
The sham tACS device will resemble the active stimulation device in appearance, weight, size, color, and odor, ensuring indistinguishability for the patients. Throughout the entire intervention period, each participant will be allocated to the same tACS device, regardless of whether it delivers active or sham stimulation.
Sponsors
Shanghai Mental Health Center
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Outcomes Assessor)
Masking description
Both clinical staff and participants were blinded to the assignment.
Intervention model description
The present clinical protocol is designed as a double-blind, parallel, sham-controlled, randomized clinical trial.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
12 Years to 21 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Diagnosis of NSSI based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria section 3 diagnostic criteria. * Five or more NSSI episodes in the past year and at least one NSSI episode in the past month. * Age between 12 and 21 years. * Informed consent from parents or legal guardians. * Informed consent from participants aged 15 years and above.
Exclusion criteria
* Current or history of organic brain disorders or neurological disorders. * Elevated or imminent suicidal risk, as assessed by clinicians during routine screening. * Previous or current exposure to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), modified ECT, TMS, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), tACS, or other neurostimulation treatments. * Presence of cochlear implants, cardiac pacemakers, implanted devices, or metal in the brain. * Previous or current use of psychotropic medication. * Pregnancy or lactation. * Participation in another concurrent clinical trial. * Refusal to provide informed consent to participate in the trial. * Other circumstances deemed unsuitable for participation by researchers.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in total NSSI incidents during the 4-week follow-up period post-intervention | 6 weeks | It will be determined by the Suicide and Self-Injury Behavior Interview-Revised (SITBI-R). The primary outcome is the proportion of participants achieving a ≥50% decrease in NSSI frequency within the past month at Day 42, as measured by the SITBI-R. A threshold of 50% reduction was selected based on its clinical relevance as an indicator of intervention efficacy. |
| Change in mean NSSI severity levels during the 4-week follow-up period post-intervention | 6 weeks | It will be determined by the Suicide and Self-Injury Behavior Interview-Revised (SITBI-R). The SITBI-R assesses NSSI severity using a 5-point scale (minimum = 1, maximum = 5), where higher scores indicate more severe outcomes: Level 1 (mild NSSI without skin damage) to Level 5 (severe NSSI requiring medical intervention). Comparative analysis of severity-level changes between the active-tACS and sham-tACS groups will be conducted at the 4-week follow-up post-intervention. |
Countries
China
Contacts
Primary ContactTianHong Zhang, Doctor
Outcome results
None listed