Intraarticular, Ozone, Prolotherapy, Dexmedetomidine, Pain, Knee Osteoarthritis
Conditions
Brief summary
This study aimed to compare intraarticular ozone injection, prolotherapy, or dexmedetomidine effectiveness in knee osteoarthritis patients.
Detailed description
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a heterogeneous group of disorders of different etiologies with similar biological, morphological, and clinical manifestations and outcomes. The intraarticular injection has been recommended to alleviate the pain in the knee joint. Ozone therapy has long been used in the management of OA. Furthermore, it has been shown to not cause a significant inflammation process or cartilage degradation. Prolotherapy is a procedure where a natural irritant is injected into the soft tissue of an injured joint. Dexmedetomidine is a selective α2-adrenergic agonist with considerable sedative and analgesic actions.
Interventions
DRUGOzone
Patients received intraarticular ozone injection.
Patients received intraarticular dextrose prolotherapy injection.
DRUGDexmedetomidine
Patients received intraarticular dexmedetomidine injection.
Sponsors
Tanta University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
30 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Age from 30 to 65 years. * Both genders. * Patients diagnosed with stage 1-3 osteoarthritis according to the Kellgren-Lawrence Classification System (K-L).
Exclusion criteria
* Patient refusal. * History of knee trauma within the past month. * Rheumatic disease. * Pregnancy. * Any surgical intervention of the knee. * Severe cardiovascular disease. * Morbid obese patients (body mass index (BMI) of \>35 kg/m2). * Local infection at the site of injection. * Bleeding diathesis.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Analgesic requirement | 3 months after the procedure | Analgesic requirements for pain control after injection were recorded. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Improvement of lifestyle | 3 months after the procedure | Improvement of lifestyle was assessed using the Western Ontario Mac Master Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC-OI) scale. The Likert type of the WOMAC Persian version was employed in this paper. The Persian version is a dependable and uncomplicated procedure that provides five responses: extreme (4), severe (3), moderate (2), mild (1), and none (0). The patients' stiffness, pain, and functional restriction are all represented by the higher scores. |
| Improvement of knee joint cartilage regeneration | 3 months after the procedure | Improvement of knee joint cartilage regeneration was assessed using the Kellgren-Lawrence Classification System (K-L). K-L: which categorize knee OA into four stages based on radiological findings: Grade 4 (severe): Marked joint space narrowing, large osteophytes, severe sclerosis, and definite deformity of bone ends. Grade 3 (moderate): Moderate multiple osteophytes, some sclerosis, definite joint space narrowing, and potential deformity of bone ends. Grade 2 (minimal): Definite osteophytes and potential joint space narrowing. Grade 1 (doubtful): Possible osteophytic lipping and doubtful joint space narrowing. |
Countries
Egypt
Outcome results
None listed