Intimate Partner Violence (IPV)
Conditions
Keywords
RISE, Enhanced Care as Usual (ECAU), Healthcare patients, Self-efficacy, Depression, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD)
Brief summary
This study aims to improve treatment for Veterans Health Administration (VHA) patients who experience intimate partner violence (IPV). This study will evaluate two brief counseling interventions for VHA patients who have experienced IPV in the past 12 months: Recovering from IPV through Strength and Empowerment (RISE) and advocacy-based Enhanced Care as Usual (ECAU). The RISE intervention includes up to 8 sessions and includes specific topic areas (e.g., social support, health effects, resources). The other intervention, ECAU, includes a single session that includes supportive education about IPV and health effects, discussion of ways to increase safety, and information about resources. This study will test which approach is better for improving self-efficacy and other aspects of health. Participants will answer surveys about their self-efficacy and other health and safety indicators (e.g., mental health symptoms) right before receiving treatment, approximately 12 weeks later, and then every three months after that for one year. Participation in this research will last about 15 months.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALRISE
RISE is personalized, trauma-informed, empowerment-oriented and variable-length, consisting of an initial 60-minute session and up to 7 additional 45-minute sessions (1-8 sessions total).
BEHAVIORALAdvocacy-based ECAU
Advocacy-based ECAU is a single 60-minute trauma-informed counseling intervention that includes supportive education, validating and empathetic statements, safety planning, resource provision and referrals.
Sponsors
VA Boston Healthcare System
VA Philadelphia Healthcare System
VA Minnesota Healthcare System
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute
Boston University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* patients receiving care at an enrolled site/affiliated Community-Based Outpatient Clinic (CBOC) * report experience of past-year physical, psychological, and/or sexual IPV on an established screening tool used to detect IPV in VHA, and * be able to provide informed consent including permission to have intervention sessions recorded
Exclusion criteria
* severe cognitive impairment, * suicide or homicide intent with a specific plan * untreated or unstable symptoms of mania or psychosis
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Self-efficacy | Baseline, 3 months, 6 months. 9 months, 12 months, 15 months | Self-efficacy will be assessed with the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), a 10-item instrument with possible responses for each item from 1 to 4 where 1= Not at all true, 2= Hardly true, 3= Moderately true, and 4=Exactly true.Scores can range from 10 to 40 and higher scores indicate more self efficacy. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms | Baseline, 3 months, 6 months. 9 months, 12 months, 15 months | PTSD symptoms will be assessed with the PTSD Checklist -DSM-5, a 20-item self-report measure of the DSM-5 symptoms of PTSD. A 5-point Likert scale is used for each item from 0 = Not at all to 4 = Extremely. Total possible scores can range from 0 to 80 with higher scores indicating more PTSD symptoms. |
| Alcohol use | Baseline, 3 months, 6 months. 9 months, 12 months, 15 months | Alcohol use will be assessed with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-10 (AUDIT-10), a 10-item instrument with possible responses for each item from 0 to 4 for questions 1-8 and possible responses of 0, 2, and 4 for questions 9 and 10. Total possible scores can range from 0 to 40 with higher scores indicating greater alcohol use. |
| Hopelessness | Baseline, 3 months, 6 months. 9 months, 12 months, 15 months | Hopelessness will be assessed by the 20-item Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). The BHS is scored by adding up the responses to 20 true-false questions. The possible score range is 0-20, with higher scores indicating greater hopelessness. |
| Self-reported quality of life | Baseline, 3 months, 6 months. 9 months, 12 months, 15 months | Quality of life will be assessed by World Health Organization - Quality of Life, Brief WHOQOL-BREF instrument, a 26-item instrument consisting of four domains: physical health (7 items), psychological health (6 items), social relationships (3 items), and environmental health (8 items); it also contains QOL and general health items. Each individual item of the WHOQOL-BREF is scored from 1 to 5 on a response scale, which is stipulated as a five-point ordinal scale. The scores are then transformed linearly to a 0-100-scale with higher scores indicating a better quality of life. |
| Valued living | Baseline, 3 months, 6 months. 9 months, 12 months, 15 months | Valued living will be assessed with the Valued Living Questionnaire (VLQ) focusing on 10 valued domains of living which include (1) family, (2) marriage/couples, intimate relations, (3) parenting, (4) friendship, (5) work, (6) education, (7) recreation, (8) spirituality, (9) citizenship, and (10) physical self-care. Each domain is rated on a scale of 1-10, based on the level of importance to the respondent and the extent to which they have lived consistent with their values in the past week. A total score is calculated by multiplying the importance and consistency ratings for each domain, and then averaging those scores. Total scores range from 10 to 100 with higher scores indicating greater alignment with one's values. |
| Depressive symptoms | Baseline, 3 months, 6 months. 9 months, 12 months, 15 months | Depressive symptoms will be assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD), a 20-item instrument with possible responses for each item from 0 to 3 where 0= Rarely or none of the time (less than 1 day), 1= Some or a little of the time (1-2 days), 2= Occasionally or a moderate amount of the time (3-4 days), and 3= Most or all of the time (5-7 days). Possible range of scores is 0 to 60, with the higher scores indicating more depressive symptoms. |
| Measure of Victim Empowerment Related to Safety | Baseline, 3 months, 6 months. 9 months, 12 months, 15 months | Safety-related Empowerment will be measured with the Measure of Victim Empowerment Related to Safety (MOVERS), a 13- item measure that consists of three subscales: internal resources (6 items), expectations of support (4 items), and trade-offs (3 items), with response options on a scale from 1-5, with 1 being never true and 5 being always true for each internal resource and expectation of support subscale question. Responses options for the trade-off subscale are reverse scored with 1 = Always true and 5= Never true. Total possible scores can range from 13 to 65, with higher scores indicating higher levels of empowerment. |
| Health care and social service use | Baseline, 3 months, 6 months. 9 months, 12 months, 15 months | Items adapted from the National Survey of Veterans and prior studies examining health and social service use among individuals experiencing IPV, particularly in terms of VA and non-VHA psychosocial health services (e.g., mental health, housing, domestic violence agencies). The number and types of psychosocial treatment services will be examined. |
| VHA health care use | 12 months before baseline, 12 months after baseline | VHA health care use will be extracted from the electronic medical records. The types and number of services used, particularly psychosocial health services, will be examined. |
| Treatment satisfaction | 3 months | Treatment satisfaction will be assessed using the 8-item Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8 (CSQ-8). Possible scores range from 8 to 32, with higher values indicating higher treatment satisfaction. |
| Perceived Benefits/Harms | 3 months | Perceived benefits/harms from participating in the interventions will be measured using 6 items adapted from prior studies. Possible responses on a Likert scale range from 1= strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree, with item 4 reverse scored. Individual item scores and total scores will be examined. |
| IPV | Baseline, 3 months, 6 months. 9 months, 12 months, 15 months | Experiences of IPV from past or a current intimate partner will be measured using subscales of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS-2). The physical aggression (12 items), psychological aggression (8 items), and sexual coercion (7 items) subscales include 27 items regarding the frequency of different IPV experiences (0=this has never happened, 1=1 time, 2=2 times, 3=3-5 times, 4=6-10 times, 5=11-20 times, and 6=20+ times). Items are summed for a total frequency score. Additionally, the number of different IPV behaviors experienced can be tallied to reflect a indicate the number of different IPV behaviors experienced. Higher scores reflect greater levels of IPV experience. |
Countries
United States
Contacts
Primary ContactKatherine M Iverson, PhD
Backup ContactJulianne Brady
Outcome results
None listed