Anxiety, Aromatherapy, Fatigue Symptom, Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD)
Conditions
Keywords
Aromatherapy, anxiety, implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), nursing, fatigue
Brief summary
The effective management of anxiety and fatigue, which lead to negative physical, social, and psychological impacts and increase treatment costs in individuals with implanted cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD), is of great importance. Complementary and integrative therapy (CIT) methods offer a non-pharmacological, easy-to-apply, and safe intervention alternative for nurses and patients experiencing these symptoms. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of lavender oil aromatherapy, applied by inhalation for two minutes with two drops before bedtime for one month, on anxiety and fatigue levels in individuals with ICD, in a randomized controlled single-blind study design. A total of 86 patients with ICD implantation were included in the study, and 43 patients were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received lavender aromatherapy for two minutes with two drops of lavender oil inhaled before bedtime every night for one month, in addition to their routine treatment. The control group received only routine treatment. The study was conducted after obtaining the necessary ethical approval, institutional permission, and informed consent from the patients. The Patient Diagnosis Form, Piper Fatigue Scale (PFS), Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Short Form (STAI-SF and STAI-TF), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for Fatigue were used in data collection. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 25.0 and G\*Power program. A value of p\<0.05 was considered statistically significant in comparisons.
Interventions
OTHERAromatherapy group
It is known that aromatherapy is used in symptom management in chronic diseases. When the literature is examined, it is seen that aromatherapy application is effective in relieving anxiety and fatigue in cardiovascular diseases. Currently, there is no symptom management method other than pharmacological treatment that is widely used or recommended by health professionals for ICD patients. The literature review reveals that there is no study examining the effect of lavender oil aromatherapy in relieving anxiety and fatigue in individuals with ICD implantation. In this context, the aim of this study is to determine the effect of aromatherapy applied by inhaling two drops for two minutes before going to bed for one month on anxiety and fatigue levels in individuals with ICD implantation.
Sponsors
The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey
TC Erciyes University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
DOUBLE (Caregiver, Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Individuals who were willing to participate in the study, * aged between 18 and 65 years, * with no physical or mental health issues that would hinder communication, * had an ICD implanted at least 6 months ago, * had a battery life of at least 3 months, * had a fatigue level of 3 or higher on the Visual Analog Scale for Fatigue (VAS-F), * had an EF of 40% or higher, * and were visiting the cardiology outpatient clinic for ICD control
Exclusion criteria
* Individuals receiving anxiolytic or antidepressant treatment, * those with respiratory system diseases (such as asthma, bronchitis, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), 19,231 characters left * those with a known sensitivity to the essential oils used, and individuals with an olfactory impairment
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change severity of fatigue | Within 1 month and at the end of the 1st month | 2-point changes in the Visual Analoque Scale Fatigue Scale (VAS-F). VAS is known to be used for assessing the severity of fatigue symptoms. The scale consists of a 10 cm ruler, with one end labeled as 0 - I do not feel fatigued and the other end labeled as 10 - I feel extremely fatigued. A score of 0-3 indicates mild fatigue, 4-6 indicates moderate fatigue, and 7-10 indicates severe fatigue. In the study, interviewers explained to the patients that the 0-10 scale represents the severity of fatigue, and they were asked to mark the point corresponding to their fatigue level with a pen. |
| Change level of fatigue | Within 1 month and at the end of the 1st month | 1-point change in the average score of the Piper Fatigue Scale.The scale is a 5-point Likert-type scale. As the score obtained from the scale increases, the level of fatigue also increases. |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change level of anxiety | Within 1 month and at the end of the 1st month | 2-point changes in the average score of the State anxiety inventory Short Form 2-point changes in the average score of the Trait anxiety inventory Short Form. The inventory consists of a total of 10 items. The first 5 items measure state anxiety, while the second 5 items assess trait anxiety. In the first 5 items, which evaluate how a person feels at the moment, participants are expected to choose one of the following options: (1) not at all, (2) sometimes, (3) very much, and (4) completely. Similarly, in the second 5 items, which also assess how a person feels at the moment, participants are expected to select one of the following responses: (1) almost never, (2) sometimes, (3) most of the time, and (4) almost always. Individuals who score 10 or above on the State Anxiety Inventory-Short Form (SAI-SF) and 14 or above on the Trait Anxiety Inventory-Short Form (TAI-SF) are considered clinically anxious. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed