Peri-Implantitis and Peri-implant Mucositis
Conditions
Keywords
peri-implant sulcus fluid, peri-implant diseases, LL-37, 25(OH)D
Brief summary
This research aims to explore the influence of vitamin D on the body's defense system by examining its impact on specific proteins involved in immune response and inflammation in the soft tissues surrounding dental implants. Also aims to determine how vitamin D levels affect these proteins and their role in protecting peri-implant tissues from microbial infections and inflammation.
Detailed description
This cross-sectional clinical study examined 33 patients with 105 dental implants, classified as having either healthy peri-implant tissues or peri-implant diseases. Participants had not received peri-implant treatment in the past six months or taken medications affecting peri-implant tissues in the last three months. Eligible implants had been functional for at least 12 months with prosthetic superstructures that allowed sample collection. Patients with uncontrolled systemic conditions, metabolic bone diseases, autoimmune disorders, or those who were pregnant or breastfeeding were excluded. Clinical assessments were conducted at six peri-implant sites, measuring probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), modified plaque index (mPI), modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), and keratinized mucosa width (KMW). Bone loss was evaluated using radiographs. Patients were categorized into three groups based on the 2017 Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases: peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis (35 implants per group). Peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF) samples were collected for 25(OH)D and LL-37 analysis using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis included normality tests (Kolmogorov-Smirnov), descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD, Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn's test, chi-square tests, and Spearman's correlation for non-normally distributed data.
Interventions
DIAGNOSTIC_TESTThe patients' periodontal clinical parameters were recorded. PISF samples were collected, and the evaluations of 25(OH)D and LL-37 were conducted using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
In vitro studies have shown that vitamin D promotes the release of antimicrobial peptides from gingival epithelial cells, no clinical research has specifically examined its effect on LL-37 levels in peri-implant tissue diseases. This study seeks to investigate the relationship between vitamin D levels in peri-implant sulcus fluid and clinical parameters in individuals with both peri-implant health and disease. Additionally, it aims to assess the correlation between vitamin D and the antimicrobial peptide LL-37.
Sponsors
Altinbas University
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Not received peri-implant treatment in the previous six months. * Had not used vitamin D supplements, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, or any medications that could affect peri-implant tissues in the last three months. * Patients with dental implants had been in function for at least 12 months, had been under functional loading for at least six months, and had prosthetic superstructures that allowed for unobstructed sample collection.
Exclusion criteria
* Uncontrolled systemic conditions, disorders affecting peri-implant tissues, metabolic bone diseases, autoimmune disorders. * Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Peri-implant sulcus fluid vitamin D levels and clinical parameters correlation | At the day of visit (Day 0)- Peri-implant clinical assessments and peri-implant sulcus fluid collection | The association between vitamin D levels in peri-implant sulcus fluid and clinical parameters in individuals with peri-implant health and peri-implant diseases. |
| The correlation between vitamin D and the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 | Laboratory tests were completed after all samples were collected. | Peri-implant sulcus fluid Vitamin d and LL-37 levels were investigated with ELISA |
| Mucosal Inflammation | At the day of visit (Day 0) | Measurement of mucosal inflammation around implants using modified plaque index (mPI), and modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI). |
| Probing Pocket Depth | At the day of visit (Day 0) | Measurement of the periodontal pockets depth around implants. Unit of Measure: Millimeters (mm) |
| Width of Keratinized Mucosa | At the day of visit (Day 0) | Measurement of the width of keratinized mucosa around the implants. Unit of Measure: Millimeters (mm) |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed