Exercise Capacity, Flexibility, Strength and Endurance
Conditions
Brief summary
Health-related physical fitness (HRPF) has demonstrated high clinical relevance, and its level is associated with the ability to perform activities of daily living with vigor and a lower risk of chronic disease. Consequently, exercise prescription guidelines recommend improving HRPF as a focus for prevention and rehabilitation programs. Measuring and tracking HRPF often requires specialized equipment and personnel, which are expensive and less applicable to the general population. Wearables may mitigate this issue by providing useful estimates of the HRPF.
Detailed description
Health-related physical fitness (HRPF) has high clinical relevance \[1\]. It is associated with the ability to perform activities of daily living with vigor and a lower risk of chronic disease \[2\]. Consequently, exercise prescription guidelines recommend improving HRPF as a focus for prevention and rehabilitation programs \[3\]. The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) \[3\] grouped the HRFP into five domains: cardiorespiratory endurance, body composition, muscular strength, muscular endurance, and flexibility. However, measuring and tracking the fitness levels for all HRPF domains requires specialized laboratory equipment and personnel, which are expensive and less applicable to the general population. Wearable technology mitigates this issue and has proven to be a reliable alternative capable of providing useful estimates of the HRPF \[4\] \[5\] \[6, 7\]. Previous work has predicted ACSM HRPF domains from anthropometric and laboratory bioelectrical impedance analysis data (BIA) \[8\] \[9\]. Nevertheless, their data are based on the National Fitness Award (NFA), a nationwide test used to assess the physical fitness of the general South Korean population that is collected using specialized laboratory equipment under the supervision of health professionals. Current advances in wearables may allow us to estimate the fitness level for all HRPF domains using only smartwatch data, enabling economic, non-intrusive predictions and being available during the user's daily routine. The complete characterization of health-related fitness as a multidimensional depiction of the user's fitness status can be used to track health status continuously and to design specialized training prescriptions. The main goal of this study is to estimate the fitness level for all HRFP domains from data obtained from smartwatches during unsupervised activities of daily living. We hypothesized that data from smartwatches could be used to estimate the fitness levels from all HRPF domains.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Kansas State University
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
20 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
Group 1 (Aerobically Trained) * 20-60 years old * actively training or competing over the past 2 years * 3 or more days of vigorous activity accumulating approximately least 1500 MET min/week or 7 days of any combination of walking, moderate, or vigorous intense activities achieving a minimum of 3000 MET min/week Group 2 (Strength trained) * 20-60 years old * actively training or competing over the past 2 years * 3 or more days of muscle-strengthening exercise at an intensity of approximately 5 out of 10 Group 3 (Not actively training) * 20-60 years old * actively training or competing over the past 2 years * 3 or more days of muscle-strengthening exercise at an intensity of approximately 5 out of 10 Group 5 (High flexibility) * 20-60 years old * Sit-and-reach performance is categorized as very good or excellent based on the American College of Sports Medicine's sit-and-reach evaluation criteria (Table 4.16 of ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription 9th edition).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Maximum Oxygen Consumption (VO2max) | Performed 14-day after wearing the smartwatch | Maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) will be measured using a standard Ramp protocol on a standardized treadmill. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| % fat free mass | Performed at baseline and 14-days after wearing the smartwatch | Bio-electrical impedance will be used to assess % fat free mass |
| Sit-and-reach distance | Performed at baseline and 14-days after wearing the smartwatch | Following a brief warm-up (including stretching exercises, cycling, or treadmill (less than 5 minutes)), participants will be instructed to sit on the floor with their legs extended and feet flat, without shoes, against the front of the test box. Upon command, the participant will slowly and steadily lean forward at the hips, keeping the knees straight and sliding their hand up the ruler as far as possible, ensuring that both hands reach an equal distance during the test and that the subject's knees remain grounded. The distance reached in centimeters will be recorded. |
| # of Push-up completed | Performed at baseline and 14-days after wearing the smartwatch | Upper body endurance will be assessed via a standard push-up test. The total number of correctly executed push-ups will be recorded |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed