Prediabetes, Type 2 Diabetes
Conditions
Keywords
sweet sensitivity, Type 2 diabetes, pre diabetes, sweet preference, sugar craving, taste receptors
Brief summary
Diabetes is a global challenge and the number of people affected by diabetes is expected to rise to 5.5 million by 2030, of which 90% are type 2 diabetes (T2D). Habitual high consumption of sugars is an important risk factor in the development, and progression, of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Several studies have now shown that individuals with T2D have reduced lingual sweet taste sensation and this in turns increases their sugar intake to achieve the same hedonic reward values compared to the healthy population. This subsequently will lead to development of diabetes or worsening of the blood sugar control. Phase 1 of our study aims to identify the alterations in oral sweet taste sensitivity in individuals with type 2 diabetes and assess whether this is linked to sweet preference and habitual sugar consumption. In phase 2, we will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a powerful technique used widely for diagnosing disease and investigating physiological and pathological process, to investigate whether diabetes or prediabetes status modulates activation of taste and reward-related brain responses to lingual sweet taste stimulation. Phase 3 will be investigating the reward-related brain responses to gut taste stimulation using functional MRI. These new data will reveal the central mechanisms of sweet sensing in different status of diabetes and this will help develop novel treatment targets to improve metabolic and vascular outcomes in individuals with prediabetes or T2D.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
University of Nottingham
Study design
Observational model
OTHER
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* General Eligibility Criteria * For T2D: Confirmed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (HbA1c\>48 mmol/mol (6.5%) and managed by the anti-diabetic drug metformin alone diagnosed within the last 10 years * For Prediabetes: HbA1c 42-48 mmol/mol and no less than 3 years since diagnosis * Non-diabetes who had HbA1c screened at their GP in the last 12 months: HbA1c≤42mmol/mol Phase 1 Inclusion criteria: Adults aged between 18 -60 years with type 2 diabetes or healthy individuals who had HbA1c checked within the last 12 months. Healthy volunteers who did not have HbA1c screened at their GP will be offered an opportunistic screening blood test. Phase 2 and 3: Inclusion criteria: right-handed adults between 18- 60 years with type 2 diabetes, pre-diabetes and healthy individuals who had HbA1c checked within the last 12 months. Healthy volunteers who did not have HbA1c screened at their GP will be offered an opportunistic screening blood test.
Exclusion criteria
* Phase 1
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| To assess the sensitivity and preference of lingual sweet taste in individuals with T2D, and those without T2D to evaluate how this is impacted by habitual sugar consumption. | December 2024 to December 2026 |
| To compare brain responses to lingual sweet sensing in individuals with prediabetes and T2D, and those without prediabetes or T2D, and their association with habitual sugar consumption. | from Dec 2024 to Dec 2026 |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| To determine how brain responses to intestinal sweet sening predict the rate of intestinal glucose absorption. | Feb 2025 to Dec 2026 |
Countries
United Kingdom
Outcome results
None listed