Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Conditions
Brief summary
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) represents a significant and complex health issue affecting women, particularly those of reproductive age. Characterized by the infection and inflammation of the reproductive organs, PID often results from ascending infections primarily caused by sexually transmitted pathogens, such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomation. However, it can also be associated with endogenous bacteria or occur following surgical procedures.
Detailed description
The diverse manifestations of PID from asymptomatic cases to acute presentations, pose significant challenges in diagnosis and prompt treatment. Accurate diagnosis is crucial, as untreated infections can lead to severe complications, including infertility, chronic pelvic pain, and ectopic pregnancies.
Interventions
DIAGNOSTIC_TESTReduced Morbidity
Early and accurate diagnosis using ultrasound minimizes delays in treatment initiation, thereby preventing complications such as chronic pain and abscess formation. By reducing the severity and duration of the disease, ultrasound contributes to improved patient well-being and a quicker recovery trajectory.
Sponsors
Superior University
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 45 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Women of reproductive age (18-45 years) presenting with symptoms suggestive of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). * Patients who have been clinically diagnosed with PID based on symptoms such as lower abdominal pain, fever, abnormal vaginal discharge, and tenderness upon pelvic examination. * Patients who have undergone preliminary diagnostic tests, such as high vaginal swab (HVS) and urine microscopy, culture, and sensitivity (m/c/s), prior to ultrasound assessment.
Exclusion criteria
* Pregnant women, due to potential confounding factors in ultrasound findings and differential diagnosis. * Patients with chronic pelvic pain not related to acute PID episodes. * Patients who do not provide informed consent for participation in the study. * Patients with a history of recent pelvic surgery within the last 6 months, as postoperative changes may affect ultrasound findings.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ultrasound | 12 Months | Ultrasound (GE Logiq P7 convex probe.3.5-5MHz) imaging using a curvilinear transducer that provides a broad field of view, commonly used for evaluating abdominal and pelvic organs. Doppler flow characteristics which increased blood flow in the pelvic region, especially around the fallopian tubes or ovaries, as detected by color Doppler ultrasound, indicative of inflammation. |
Countries
Pakistan
Outcome results
None listed