Post Laparoscopic Shoulder Pain
Conditions
Keywords
pulmonary recruitment maneuver, active gas aspiration
Brief summary
Laparoscopy is among the most used minimally invasive procedures that can reduce postoperative pain, lessen the duration of hospital stay and facilitate recovery. Laparoscopy has been widely used in various abdominal surgeries, such as gastrectomy, cholecystectomy, appendectomy, hernia and gynecological surgery . However, the post-laparoscopic shoulder pain (PLSP) often occurs following laparoscopic surgeries, and its reported incidence varies from 35-80% This study aims to assess the effect of combining pulmonary recruitment maneuvers (PRM) with active gas aspiration on post-laparoscopic shoulder pain in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic procedures.
Detailed description
The PLSP can even remain for up to three days and often upsets the patients . Moreover, it can increase the costs of healthcare owing to an increased usage of analgesics, delayed discharge, and even re-admission . Therefore, necessary measures should be taken to diminish the intensity of PLSP. Although the exact mechanism of PLSP remains unclear, some studies have suggested that it is caused by the trapping of carbon dioxide (CO2) between the liver and the right diaphragm and subsequent conversion into carbonic acid, which irritates the diaphragm and subsequently generates referred shoulder pain (C4 dermatomal) . Therefore, several studies have attempted to decrease the incidence or severity of PLSP by promoting the removal of remaining CO2 from the abdominal cavity. These efforts include drainage tube insertion, intraperitoneal saline instillation (IPSI), and the usage of intraperitoneal local anesthetic agents . More-over, the pulmonary recruitment maneuver (PRM) can also facilitate the removal of CO2 from the abdominal cavity by increasing positive airway pressure and intrathoracic pressure. PRM is more commonly used in clinical practice because it does not require drugs, specialized apparatus, or additional medical costs, unlike the other methods . Several trials have described the advantages of PRM in patients undergoing laparoscopic operations compared to passive abdominal compression.
Interventions
PROCEDUREactive gas aspiration
surgeon will be instructed to actively aspirate the intraperitoneal CO2 gas
PROCEDUREpulmonary recruitment maneuver
patients will receive the PRM which consisted of five manual pulmonary inflations, where each positive pressure inflation will be done for 5 s at a maximum pressure of 30 cm H2O, manually by using the APL valve in the anesthesia machine. The patient will be in a Trendelenburg position (30°). The fifth positive pressure inflation lasted for approximately 5 s. During that time, the patient will be closely monitored, while the anesthesiologist performed PRM
Sponsors
Assiut University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* • Age 18- 65 years. * American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification (ASA) I - II * scheduled for an elective gyncologic laparoscopic procedures
Exclusion criteria
* • Urgent or emergency case. * ASA classification more than III. * Age less than 16 years. * Reduced left and right ventricular function (ejection fraction \<40%). * Previous respiratory disease such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, restrictive lung disease, or had a history of thoracic or shoulder surgery * Patient conversion to a laparotomy. * the operation time is more than 3 h
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| post-laparoscopic shoulder pain by VAS score | 24 hours | post-laparoscopic shoulder pain by VAS score |
Contacts
Primary ContactMahmoud Essam Salama Hammam, resident doctor
Outcome results
None listed