Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP)
Conditions
Keywords
Chronic Low Back Pain, Calisthenic exercises, Proprioceptive exercises, Kinesthetic exercises, Disability
Brief summary
Numerous studies have emphasized the debilitating effects of chronic low back pain (CLBP), which persists for over 12 weeks and impacts approximately 20% of the global population. The etiology of CLBP encompasses various factors, such as sedentary lifestyles, diminished muscle strength, poor neuromuscular control of deep trunk muscles, and compromised proprioception, all contributing to lumbar spine strain. These factors result in limitations in essential daily activities, significantly diminishing the overall quality of life. Continued exploration in this field is essential to furthering our understanding of managing chronic low back pain. Investigating alternative treatment approaches, such as proprioceptive, calisthenic, and kinesthetic exercises, contributes to expanding the range of solutions available for addressing this issue. Embracing a diverse array of interventions not only proves beneficial but also holds promise in providing long-term advantages for enhancing patients' overall well-being. Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively investigate the combined effects of proprioceptive, kinesthetic, and calisthenic exercises, alongside core stabilization exercises, in alleviating chronic low back pain and their potential to enhance range of motion and diminish functional disability in individuals with CLBP in Lahore, Pakistan.
Interventions
OTHERcore stabilization exercises
The core exercises would be held for 7 to 8 seconds, repeated 10 times, and rest for 3 seconds between repetitions and 1 minute rest between each exercise. These exercises will include: 1. Abdominal hollowing 2. Supine extension bridge 3. Partial Curls
OTHERheat therapy
The heat therapy would be applied to the lumbar region for 10 minutes.
The proprioceptive exercises will include rest for 3 seconds between repetitions and 1-minute rest between each exercise. These exercises will include: 1. One leg balance - 10 seconds hold time with 3 repetitions 2. Forward leg swings - 15 swings 3. Sideways leg swings - 15 swings
The calisthenic exercises will include: 1. Abductor's leg raise for 10 repetitions 2. Prone leg extension for 10 repetitions 3. Alternate toe touch for 10 repetitions
The kinesthetic exercises will have 1 minute rest in between exercises. These exercises will include: 1. Toe walking for 20 meters distance 2. Heel walking for 20 meters distance
Sponsors
Riphah International University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
25 Years to 45 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Minimum 3 months or above LBP * Moderate pain (NPRS: 3-7) * Disability score of 19% or greater as evident from the modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (MODQ)
Exclusion criteria
* History of inflammatory joint diseases e.g. rheumatoid arthritis, gouty arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis * History of neurological deficit e.g. paresthesia, sensory loss, radiculopathy, myelopathy * History of surgery related to spine, lower extremities, metal implants on lower extremities * History of any mental illness * Subjects on medication e.g. antidepressants, corticosteroids, and anti-inflammatory medications * Other conditions include peripheral vascular diseases, recent fractures including lower limb or spine, osteoporosis, spine or other joint deformities, brain injuries, neuromuscular disorders, and respiratory diseases * Pregnancy
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) | baseline, after 4 weeks | A numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) would be used to assess the patient's pain measure for chronic low back pain before and after exercises. This 11-point numeric scale ranges from '0' representing one pain extreme (e.g. no pain) to '10' representing the other pain extreme (e.g. pain as bad as you can imagine or worst pain imaginable). The NPRS has a validity of 0.86 to 0.95 and a reliability of 0.96. |
| inclinometer | baseline, after 4 weeks | An inclinometer would be used to measure the range of motion for the lumbar spine. The inclinometer for lumbar ROM has a reliability of 0.97. |
| Modified ODI for disability (Urdu version) | baseline, after 4 weeks | Modified ODI for disability (Urdu version) would be used to assess the patient's functional disability for chronic low back pain at 0 weeks and then at 4 weeks. The modified ODI has a reliability of 0.90. For each question, 0 points is the minimum, and 5 points is the maximum. Add up the total score for 10 questions. |
Countries
Pakistan
Outcome results
None listed