Bronchiolitis
Conditions
Keywords
Bronchiolitis, pneumonia
Brief summary
The relationship between RSV (human respiratory syncytial virus) infections and invasive infections or pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae has been observed epidemiologically for several years. Few fundamental data exist to support the epidemiological relationship. This study will investigate the proportion of pneumococcal carriage in RSV-infected infants and noninfected infants (proportion, serotype profile).
Detailed description
The relationship between RSV (human respiratory syncytial virus) infections and Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia has been suggested for many years based on a similar seasonal pattern and cohort studies, but it could not be confirmed due to the circulation of several viruses concurrently. The post-COVID-19 period was marked by a temporal association between RSV infections and invasive pneumococcal disease (and pneumonia) in children under five, highlighting the potential role of RSV in the dynamics of pneumococcal disease in infants. Furthermore, the carriage rate of S. pneumoniae in infants under 2 years of age in healthy populations is described as around 25%. In the case of RSV infection, this rate rises to 50%. Some data from animal models have shown that RSV infection increases S. pneumoniae transmission within a group of individuals, partly explaining this difference. However, data remain limited, particularly in human samples, and further research is needed to better understand the role of the RSV-pneumococcal relationship in the occurrence of severe RSV infections (pneumonia) and invasive pneumococcal infections. This study will examine pneumococcal carriage in bronchiolitis in infants aged 6-18 months, through nasopharyngeal swabs from infants with bronchiolitis and healthy infants. Pneumococcal carriage rates and serotype profiles will be investigated.
Interventions
OTHERSwab collection
Nasopharyngeal swab
Sponsors
National Pneumococcal Reference Center
Infectious Diseases Models for Innovative Therapies
Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
6 Months to 18 Months
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Infants aged 6 months to 18 months inclusive * With bronchiolitis during RSV epidemic season (bronchiolitis group) or without evidence of RSV viral infection (healthy group) * No chronic illness * No history of bronchiolitis * Signed consent from parents or legal guardians * Patient affiliated to a social security scheme
Exclusion criteria
* Chronic respiratory illness * Medical history of bronchiolitis or newborn asthma * Treatment with immunosuppressants * Patient on AME
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| nasopharyngeal carriage rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp) | Inclusion | Comparison of nasopharyngeal carriage rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp) in healthy infants and infants with RSV bronchiolitis. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Serotype profile distribution | Inclusion | Serotypic Profile (Distribution of Serotypes) of S. pneumoniae in Nirsevimab-treated versus non-treated infants under 12 months of age, as assessed by nasopharyngeal swabs. |
| serotype profile | Inclusion | Comparison of the predominant serotype between the two groups. |
| proportion of 13-valent and 23-valent vaccine serotypes | Inclusion | the proportion of 13-valent and 23-valent vaccine serotypes among pneumococcal strains between the two groups |
| proportion of non-vaccine serotypes | Inclusion | proportion of non-vaccine serotypes among all pneumococcal strains between the two groups |
Countries
France
Contacts
Primary ContactEtienne BIZOT
Outcome results
None listed