Fatigue Intensity, Proprioception
Conditions
Keywords
drop set, traditional set, fatigue, proprioception
Brief summary
To compare the acute effects of traditional and drop set training methods on fatigue levels and proprioceptive sensory mechanisms in bodybuilding athletes.
Detailed description
A total of 28 male bodybuilding athletes with an average age of 25.53 years from Giresun and Ordu provinces participated in the study voluntarily. The participants were randomly divided into two groups as traditional training group (GS) (n=14) and drop set training group (DS) (n=14). Borg CR10 Scale and myotonometric measurements (Myoton Pro muscle palpation device) were used to assess fatigue. Myotonometric measurements were performed on the pectoralis major, triceps brachii and deltoideus muscles. Proprioception characteristics were evaluated in four parameters: shoulder flexion, shoulder abduction, elbow flexion and wrist flexion using laser cursor-assisted angle repetition test. After the application, fatigue levels in pectoralis major, triceps brachii, Borg CR10 parameters and proprioception errors in shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, wrist flexion parameters were significantly higher in the traditional set group compared to the drop set group.
Interventions
OTHERProprioception Measurements
Laser cursor-assisted angle repetition test was used for proprioception assessment. A coordinate plane with different movement angles was fixed on a wall and the person was positioned 1 meter from this wall. The laser pointer was fixed on the person's arm for shoulder proprioception measurement, 5 cm above the elbow to avoid being affected by other joints, 5 cm above the person's wrist for elbow joint proprioception and fixed on the person's second metatarsal bone for wrist proprioception.
OTHERFatigue Measurement
Myoton PRO® (Myoton AS, Tallinn, Estonia) muscle palpation device was used to assess fatigue, and the dynamic stiffness parameter was taken as the basis. The stiffness value is calculated as the maximum acceleration (N/m) of oscillation and deformation in the tissue sensed by the transducer (Chen et al., 2017). The increase in muscle dynamic stiffness has been associated with fatigue level (Klich et al., 2019; Shitova et al., 2020; Wang, 2017). Before the measurement, the athletes' pectoralis major, deltoideus and triceps brachii muscle reference points were determined and marked, and measurements were taken over these points. The athletes were asked to keep their muscles relaxed throughout the measurement in order not to affect the tissue stiffness and the application was performed at room temperature.
Sponsors
Giresun University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
This study is a randomised controlled (parallel group) experimental study.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
20 Years to 30 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* -Being male. * Being between the ages of 20-30. * To have been doing bodybuilding for at least the last five years.
Exclusion criteria
* -Having undergone a serious surgical operation within the last year, * Having used a performance enhancing product that affects the neuromuscular mechanism within the last year, * In addition, individuals who did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded from the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Assessment of Demographic and Physical Characteristics | 1 day | A personal information form was used to obtain demographic information. The height measurements of the participants were made with a wall-mounted holtain stadiometer and body weight measurements were made with a Tanita MC-580 body analyser. BMI was calculated by dividing body weight by the square of height (kg/m2). |
| Assessment of Proprioception | 1 day | Laser cursor-assisted angle repetition test was used for proprioception assessment. A coordinate plane with different movement angles was fixed on a wall and the person was positioned 1 meter from this wall. In the next step, the person's eyes were closed to prevent visual control and was asked to repeat the same joint position 3 times. The coordinate point where the individual brought the arm was marked on the coordinate plane and this process was repeated 3 times for shoulder flexion and abduction. The deviations at the given angles were measured on the horizontal (X) and vertical (Y) coordinate axes on the coordinate plane, the amount of linear deviation from the target was calculated using the Pythagorean theorem (√(x\^2+y\^2 )), and the arithmetic mean of the 3 deviations was recorded. Proprioception level= \[(√(x\^2+y\^2 ))+(√(x\^2+y\^2 ))+(√(x\^2+y\^2 ))\]/3 |
| Assessment of Fatigue | 1 day | Myoton PRO® (Myoton AS, Tallinn, Estonia) muscle palpation device was used to assess fatigue, and the dynamic stiffness parameter was taken as the basis. The stiffness value is calculated as the maximum acceleration (N/m) of oscillation and deformation in the tissue sensed by the transducer. The increase in muscle dynamic stiffness has been associated with fatigue level. Before the measurement, the athletes' pectoralis major, deltoideus and triceps brachii muscle reference points were determined and marked, and measurements were taken over these points. The athletes were asked to keep their muscles relaxed throughout the measurement in order not to affect the tissue stiffness and the application was performed at room temperature. All measurements were taken with the participants lying on the stretcher and the device was kept upright to minimise the effect of gravity on tissue properties, with three strokes on the reference points of the muscles. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed