Healthy
Conditions
Keywords
Blood glucose, Ketone monoester, Substrate metabolism
Brief summary
Ketones are naturally produced by our body and can affect our blood sugar levels. Ketones could be important tool for treating disease or recovering from exercise. The purpose of this research is to determine if a ketone drink can increase sugar uptake in our muscles. This research will provide new knowledge about the regulation of blood sugar.
Detailed description
Impaired skeletal muscle glucose uptake following a meal (insulin resistance), is a primary risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes. We and others have consistently shown that ingesting exogenous ketones can reduce blood glucose concentration. Mechanistically, this must arise through reduced glucose release (i.e. from liver), and/or increased uptake (i.e. into skeletal muscle). Our current MRC-funded work is focussing on ketone-liver interactions in patients with type 2 diabetes. Here we aim to investigate how KE influence skeletal muscle glucose metabolism.
Interventions
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTKetone supplement
100 mL flavoured drink containing 0.3 g/kg ketone monoester ((R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate; ΔG®, University of Oxford; https://www.deltagketones.com) consumed 30 min prior to a mixed meal tolerance test
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTPlacebo supplement
Placebo with bitter agent to flavour match, consumed 30 min prior to a mixed meal tolerance test
Sponsors
University of Exeter
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
QUADRUPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Masking description
Coded, known only to one independent individual
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 40 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Age 18-40
Exclusion criteria
* Any diagnosed metabolic health condition * Pregnant * Smoker * Diagnosed Cardiovascular disease * Use of medications deemed by research team to affect study outcomes * Recent history of musculoskeletal injury * Aged \>40 or \<18 * Allergy to ingredients in the supplement, including ketones, lactose or milk protein
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Forearm glucose net balance | 3 hours | Net balance of blood glucose across a forearm following a mixed meal tolerance test |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Forearm non-esterified fatty acid net balance | 3 hours | Net balance of blood non-esterified fatty acids across a forearm after a mixed meal tolerance test |
| Forearm amino acid net balance | 3 hours | Net balance of blood amino acids across a forearm following a mixed meal tolerance test |
| Serum insulin concentrations | 3 hours | Insulin concentration using ELISA assay over 4 and 8 hours following a meal |
| Ketone concentration | 3 hours | Ketone concentration using colorimetric assay over 4 and 8 hours following a meal |
Countries
United Kingdom
Contacts
Primary ContactGeorge F Pavis, PhD
Outcome results
None listed