Diabetes
Conditions
Keywords
Diabetes, HbA1c, cystatin C, point of care
Brief summary
Using a point-of-care (POC) platform, the investigators will investigate the effects of POC testing for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and cystatin C at out-patient clinics on long-term diabetes outcomes.
Detailed description
Laboratory testing for HbA1c and cystatin C is time-consuming, and healthcare providers often do not have update results when they evaluate outpatients with diabetes. A POC testing platform may help address this issue, and the investigators aim to examine its effects on diabetes outcomes.
Interventions
POC testing for HbA1c and cystatin C
Sponsors
Study design
Intervention model description
The investigators will conduct POC testing for HbA1c and cystain C in outpatients with diabetes, and present the results to their providers. Follow up data on fasting glucose, HbA1c, serum creatinine, urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR), lipids profile, ...etc will be collected every 6 months for 3 years. Patients who decline to POC testing but provide consent to observational follow up will serve as the controls. The investigators will examine the effects of POC testing on changes in glycemic control and renal function in study participants.
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
-Adults aged 18 to 80 receiving treatment and follow-up for diabetes at outpatient clinics of Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Exclusion criteria
1. Past medical history of hemolytic anemia, hemoglobinopathies (sickle cell anemia HbS, fetal hemoglobin HbF), iron deficiency anemia, thalassemia, pernicious anemia, recent blood transfusions, acute bleeding requiring erythropoiesis-stimulating agents. 2. Chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, hyperbilirubinemia, asplenia (splenomegaly, splenectomy). 3. Hypertriglyceridemia (over 500 mg/dl), or alcoholism. 4. Thyroid dysfunction, active malignant tumors under treatment, HIV infection. 5. Long-term use (over three months) of steroids or cyclosporine. 6. Severe proteinuria (e.g., nephrotic syndrome), or a baseline eGFR \<60 ml/min/1.73 m².
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Changes from baseline to the end of study in eGFR | Observational follow up period of 3 years | Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) will be determined using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation (Levey AS, et al. Ann Intern Med. 2009; 150: 604-12). |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Changes from baseline to the end of study in UACR | Observational follow up period of 3 years |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Incident chronic kidney disease | Observational follow up period of 3 years | incident chronic kidney disease is defined as an eGFR \<60 ml/min/1.73 m2 of at least 3 months duration. |
Countries
Taiwan