Smoking
Conditions
Keywords
dysnea, Cigarette smoking, spirometry, Quality of life
Brief summary
The principle function of the lungs is the facilitation of the gaseous exchange, commonly referred as respiratory or breathing. Cigarette smoking has detrimental effects on nearly every organ in the body, leading to a higher incidence of diseases and contributing to a gradual deterioration of the smoker's health.Cigarette smoking has detrimental effects on nearly every organ in the body, leading to a higher incidence of diseases and contributing to a gradual deterioration of the smoker's health. Cigarette smoking is linked to mild airway obstruction and a deceleration in the growth of lung function.Performing balloon-blowing exercises with abdominal and lumbar core muscles activation position leads to an improvement on pulmonary function and quality of life in smokers.
Detailed description
Cigarette smoking has detrimental effects on nearly every organ in the body, leading to a higher incidence of diseases and contributing to a gradual deterioration of the smoker's health, including a progressive impairment of lung function. Cigarette smoking is linked to mild airway obstruction and a deceleration in the growth of lung function. Smokers may experience inflammation and narrowing of their airways, resulting in increased resistance to the outward flow of air during exhalation. This restriction in airflow can negatively impact respiratory parameters, exercise tolerance, and overall quality of life. Performing balloon-blowing exercises with abdominal and lumbar core muscles activation position leads to an improvement on pulmonary function and quality of life in smokers.
Interventions
OTHERBalloon-blowing exercises with abdominal & lumbar core muscle activation position.
Patients in this group will recieve Balloon-blowing exercises with abdominal and lumbar core muscles activation position Total 4 weeks protocol will be followed in which 3 sessions per week will be supervised by physical therapist. FREQUENCY: 3 times a week, INTENSITY : Moderate, TIME: 4 sets of balloon-blowing with 1 min rest (30 mins) TYPE: Balloon-blowing with abdominal & lumbar core muscle activation position, DURATION : 4 weeks
Participants in this group will only be receiving diaphragmatic breathing exercise for 4 weeks. FREQUENCY: 3 times a week , INTENSITY: Moderate, TIME: 4 sets of diaphragmatic breathing with 1 min rest, TYPE: Diaphragmatic breathing, DURATION: 4 weeks
Sponsors
Foundation University Islamabad
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
This is a randomized controlled trial having two groups. One group will receive (interventional group) balloon-blowing exercises with abdominal & lumbar core muscles activation position. and the other group (control group) will receive Diaphragmatic breathing exercise.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
25 Years to 59 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Adults: aged (25-59 years) * Gender: Both males and females * Grade1- Grade 4 on Modified MRC dyspnea scale * COPD classes (mild, moderate ) according to GOLD COPD Guidelines * Participating voluntarily and follow the instructions & performing * The number of packs of cigarettes smoked per day by the number of years the person has smoked. 1. pack yr = 20 cig/day x 1 yrs 2. pack yr = 20 cig/day x 2 yrs
Exclusion criteria
* Severe cases of obstruction like Severe asthma & status asthmaticus, Severe COPD, bullous emphysema for pneumothorax. * Any congenital deformities of chest wall, Demonstrated neuromuscular or neurological deficit/disease of chest wall * Other serious Cardiopulmonary diseases including pulmonary embolism, pulmonary ----Hypertension, Active TB, pneumonias or other acute illnesses * Any recent cardiothoracic or abdominal surgery, trauma or injury * Pregnancy * Any psychiatric illnesses
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FVC (forced vital capacity): | 4 weeks | FVC (forced vital capacity): The amount of air that can be maximum forcefully be exhaled after taking deep breath. |
| FEV1 | 4 weeks | FEV1(Forced expiratory volume in 1 second): The volume of air that is forcefully exhaled in one second. |
| FEV1/FVC | 4 weeks | FEV1/FVC: The ratio of the forced expiratory volume in the first one second to the forced vital capacity of the lungs. |
| PEF (Peak expiratory flow) | 4 Weeks | PEF( Peak expiratory flow): Measurement of the highest speed at which a individual can exhale air from their lungs after a full inhalation. |
| Dyspnea | 4 Weeks | Evaluation will be done using mMRC dyspnea scale (0-4). 0 I only get breathless with strenuous exercise 1. I get short of breath when hurrying on level ground or walking up a slight hill 2. On level ground, I walk slower than people of the same age because of breathlessness, or have to stop for breath when walking at my own pace 3. I stop for breath after walking about 100 yards \[91 meters\] or after a few minutes on level ground 4. I am too breathless to leave the house or I am breathless when dressing |
| Quality of life of participant | 4 weeks | Quality of life questionnaire (SF-36) will be used to evaluate smokers QOLSF-36 Questionnaire (0-100). Each question carries equal weight the lower the score the more the disability. The higher the score the lesser the disability. 0: Maximum disability 100: No disability |
| Oxygen saturation | 4 weeks | Pulse oximeter will be used to measure oxygen saturation |
Countries
Pakistan
Contacts
Primary ContactTooba Shahbaz, MS-CPT*
Outcome results
None listed