Reading, Language, Control Subjects
Conditions
Keywords
transcranial magnetic stimulation, TMS, MRI, Reading, Language
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to understand how transcranial magnetic stimulation affects how quickly, easily, and accurately a person read. Transcranial magnetic stimulation is a technique that uses magnetic fields to briefly affect how well certain brain regions function. The investigators would like to better understand how long the effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation occur in the reading system and at what point the effect is strongest in this system. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. At what point after stimulation are the greatest effects on behavior seen 2. How excitatory and inhibitory stimulation affect behavior Researchers will compare stimulation types against a sham condition to see effects on reading and language behavior. Participants will be asked to * undergo reading, language, and cognitive testing * receive an MRI * receive TMS stimulation * perform language, reading, and motor tasks
Interventions
BEHAVIORALiTBS
Excitatory stimulation of supramarginal gyrus
BEHAVIORALcTBS
Inhibitory stimulation to supramarginal gyrus
BEHAVIORALSham Stimulation
Sham stimulation of supramarginal gyrus
Sponsors
Georgia State University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
FACTORIAL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 30 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Subjects must have a minimum of low average intellectual functioning (>=80) on at least one subscale on the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence-2 (WASI-2; Wechsler, 2011) to be included. * Within a normal range of reading skills as >85 on the Test of Word Reading Efficiency - Second Edition (TOWRE-2; Torgesen et al., 2012) and the Woodcock-Johnson IV Tests of Achievement (WJ-IV; Schrank et al., 2014) * Individuals with a documented history of learning disability will not be included. This will be determined via demographics questionnaire. * Subjects must be between the ages of 18 and 30 to be included. This will be determined via demographics questionnaire. * Because reading is critically linked to language, only individuals who are native speakers of English will be included in the study. This will be determined via demographics questionnaire. * The reading network is typically localized to the left side of the brain. However, left-handed individuals may have different brain lateralization, introducing an important confound to the study. Therefore, only right-handed individuals will be included in the study. This will be determined via demographics questionnaire. * Individuals who have hearing deficits (>25dB at 500+ Hz), visual deficits (>20/40), serious emotional problems, certain neurological conditions (e.g., uncontrolled seizure disorders) will not be included. This will be determined via CABI Screening Forms and Demographics Questionnaire. * Individuals with certain metals in their bodies or with certain health conditions will not be included. If an individual has braces on their teeth, a cardiac pacemaker; hearing aid; other metal in their body or eyes (which may include certain metallic-embedded tattoos), including but not limited to pins, screws, shrapnel, plates, dentures or other metal objects they will not be included. This will be determined via CABI Screening forms. * Individuals with MRI Screening and Contraindication Forms which do not pass MRI Tech review will not be included. * Individuals with TMS Screening Forms which do not pass TMS Tech review will not be included.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Phonological Decoding Reaction Time | Four time points after each stimulation (20, 40, 60 and 80 minutes after stimulation) |
Countries
United States
Contacts
Primary ContactRachael Harrington, Ph.D. CCC-SLP
Backup ContactC. Nikki Arrington, Ph.D.
Outcome results
None listed