Liver Transplant Surgery
Conditions
Keywords
liver transplant, pulmonary rehabilitation, inspiratory muscle training, inspiratory muscle strength, Dyspnea
Brief summary
The goal of this clinical trial was to access the benefits of a 12-week home-based pulmonary rehabilitation regimen on pulmonary function recovery in post-liver transplant patients. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does pulmonary rehabilitation facilitate pulmonary muscle strength recovery? Does the intervention improve pulmonary function and reduce dyspnea sensation? Participants performed: Inspiratory muscle training twice a day for 12 weeks after discharged from the hospital Upper limb resistive training Lower limb exercise
Detailed description
Patients undergoing liver transplantation often face significant challenges related to pulmonary rehabilitation. Although postoperative rehabilitation has been extensively studied, the specific role of pulmonary rehabilitation programs has received limited attention. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a home-based pulmonary rehabilitation program in improving respiratory function recovery among post-liver transplant patients. The training group participated in a 12-week pulmonary rehabilitation program post-discharge, emphasizing respiratory muscle and exercise training, while the control group received standard care, which included traditional rehabilitation.
Interventions
PROCEDUREInspiratory muscle Training
Participants underwent a 12-week program consisting of inspiratory muscle training twice daily, incentive spirometry three times daily, and upper limb exercises along with marching in place for 30 minutes.
PROCEDURERoutine Care
Participants received routine care, which included encouragement to use incentive spirometry three times daily.
Sponsors
Chang Gung University of Science and Technology
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
Chang Gung University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
20 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Age 20 years or older * Scheduled to undergo living donor liver transplantation * Stable vital signs * Normal cognitive function * Able to perform activities independently using their own strength and coordination * Willing and able to participate in 12 weeks of rehabilitation training
Exclusion criteria
* Severe physical illness during the operation * Acute bleeding * Unstable vital signs * Hepatic encephalopathy, or neurological conditions such as stroke, Parkinson's disease, or cognitive dysfunction * Limited mobility (e.g., unable to stand, lift upper limbs, or bedridden) * Inability to comply with 12 weeks of pulmonary rehabilitation post-discharge * Unstable vital signs * Hepatoencephalopathy, such as cardiovascular accident, Parkinson disease, cognitive dysfunction * Those with limited mobility (unable to stand, unable to lift upper limbs, or bedridden) * Those who are unable to cooperate with the 12 weeks of pulmonary rehabilitation exercises after discharge.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Respiratory Muscle Stregnth Test | Throughout the study completion, approximately 3 month | Respiratory muscle strength was determined by Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) using a pressure monometer. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Oxygenation status | Participants underwent maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressure measurements at four time points: upon admission, before discharge from the intensive care unit, before discharge from the hospital, and at the end of the 12-week enrollment period. | Oxygen saturation was monitored using a pulse oximeter. |
| Dyspnea Severity Assessment | Throughout the study completion, approximately 3 month | Dyspnea severity was assessed by a rating of perceived exertion, using the Borg Scale which ranged from 0 (no respiratory difficulty) to 10 (extreme respiratory difficulty), with higher scores indicating more severe breathing difficulty. |
| Forced Vital Capacity | Throughout the study completion, approximately 3 month | The forced vital capacity was obtained, using spirometry, by having the patient take a deep breath and then exhale forcefully. The test results were based on three reproducible measurements. |
Countries
Taiwan
Outcome results
None listed