Hand, Health Care Associated Infection, Training Group, Sensitivity
Conditions
Keywords
health care associated infections, fluorescent, hygiene, intensive care units
Brief summary
Aim: The primary objective was to assess the effect of fluorescent concretization intervention on intensive care nurses' hand-washing efficiency, skill performance, and duration scores during the training process. A secondary objective was to investigate the intensive care nurses to determine their level of hand hygiene knowledge before and after the training. Design: Cluster-randomised controlled pretest-posttest and follow-up research design was used. Methods: This study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in XX province, Türkiye. Seventy-six nurses from intensive care units participated in hand hygiene training. In addition to routine hand hygiene training, the participants in the intervention group (n=39) had their hand washing efficiency evaluated using ultraviolet A light. The dirty spots were shown to the participants, and the reasons were discussed. The participants in the control group (n=37) received hand washing training without fluorescent concretization and ultraviolet light intervention. The Hand Hygiene theoretical information is an evidence-based workplace intervention delivered by trained facilitators across two training. Hand Hygiene Information Forms were administered upon registration and before randomisation of all participants immediately after the final training. Two independent researchers observed Hand Washing Skill Checklist and Efficacy forms in three follow-ups (before training, 15 days after training, and four months after training).
Detailed description
Aim: Nurses have a pivotal role in preventing and managing healthcare-acquired/associated infections by effective hand washing. The primary objective was to assess the effect of fluorescent concretization intervention on intensive care nurses' hand-washing efficiency, skill performance, and duration scores during the training process. A secondary objective was to investigate the intensive care nurses to determine their level of hand hygiene knowledge before and after the training. Design: Cluster-randomised controlled pretest-posttest and follow-up research design was used. Methods: This study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in XX province, Türkiye. Seventy-six nurses from intensive care units participated in hand hygiene training. In addition to routine hand hygiene training, the participants in the intervention group (n=39) had their hand washing efficiency evaluated using ultraviolet A light. The dirty spots were shown to the participants, and the reasons were discussed. The participants in the control group (n=37) received hand washing training without fluorescent concretization and ultraviolet light intervention. The Hand Hygiene theoretical information is an evidence-based workplace intervention delivered by trained facilitators across two training. Hand Hygiene Information Forms were administered upon registration and before randomisation of all participants immediately after the final training. Two independent researchers observed Hand Washing Skill Checklist and Efficacy forms in three follow-ups (before training, 15 days after training, and four months after training).
Interventions
BEHAVIORALWith fluorescent concretization group
Nurses were given the fluorescent lotion and asked to apply it all over their hands. The CE-certified test lotion is in gel form and is safety-approved. The lotion disperses particles the same size as bacteria on the skin. These particles settle on the skin, similar to the behavior of microorganisms, but disappear with hand washing under the influence of fluorescent light. They were then asked to wash their hands with 4 ml of soap. Two researchers marked the hand washing steps independently using the Hand Washing Skill Checklist. The duration of hand washing was recorded with a mobile stopwatch for each participant. Hand washing efficiency was evaluated using the Derma Litecheck device. UV rays were used after using the test lotion and drying the hands. Since any fluorescent material left on the hands would shine under UV light, it was possible to judge how well the hands were cleansed. The dirty spots were shown to the participants, and the reason for this was discussed.
Sponsors
Uludag University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Masking description
Because of the nature of the device and the procedure of fluorescent, blinding couldn't be performed.
Intervention model description
A cluster-randomized controlled pretest-posttest and follow-up research design were used.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* nurses who have not received previous training on UVA-supported hand hygiene devices * nurses who have not visibly damaged skin integrity on the hands * Nurses are willing to participate in the study and take primary responsibility for patient care. * nurses who have six months or more of intensive care experience
Exclusion criteria
* nurses who have received previous training on UVA-supported hand hygiene devices. * nurses who do not have visibly damaged skin integrity on the hands. * Nurses are willing to participate in the study and take primary responsibility for patient care. * nurses who have six months or less of intensive care experience
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Hand Washing Skill Efficacy (HWSE) | through study completion, an average 1 year | The hands were examined in seven areas: the palm, the back of the hand, and between the fingers, specifically the thumb, fingertips, nails, the anterior side of the wrist, and the posterior side. Under the UV light, dirty spots were marked separately for the right and left hands. The dirty spot was calculated as 1 point, and the clean spot was calculated as 0 points. 0-3-point range was considered clean; 4-7 point range was considered dirty (Škodová et al., 2015). ICC coefficient was 0.98 for the right HWSE before training, 1.0 after 15 days, and 1.0 at four months after training. The ICC coefficient was 0.96 for the left HWSE before training, 1.0 at 15 days after training, and 1.0 at four months after training. Two independent researchers completed this form in three repeated follow-ups. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Hand Hygiene Information Form (HHIF) | through study completion, an average 1 year | The form was prepared in line with the literature to determine participants' socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge of hand hygiene. In line with the training content, the items in the information form consisted of the history of hand hygiene, transmission of microorganisms, bacterial flora, glove use, surgical hand washing and scrubbing, hand hygiene products, hand hygiene compliance, and HAIs. The HHIF items created by the research team were presented to experts (n=10), including an assessment and measurement expert. As a result of expert evaluations, the Content Validity Index (CVI) was calculated as 1.0. Items with low CVI were excluded. Then, HHIF and Hand Hygiene Training Guide for Intensive Care Nurses were finalized after the pilot application with five intensive care nurses outside the study group. The form consisted of 19 items on HH topics. The lowest and highest scores that can be obtained from the form were 0 and 100, respectively. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed