Smartphone Addiction, Text Neck Posture
Conditions
Keywords
forward head posture, smart phone use
Brief summary
This study will be conducted to investigate the correlation between the number of hours of smartphone usage and severity of text neck posture, cervical ROM, DNF endurance and resting head posture among asymptomatic 18 to 25 years old adults
Detailed description
Smartphone use has increased significantly globally, with 79% of adults aged 18-44 carrying a smartphone constantly. This can cause excessive anterior curves in the neck vertebrae and increase the mechanical load on cervical spine joints. Overuse syndrome, spinal damage, and other side effects can result. This study aims to investigate the correlation between time spent using smartphones and text neck posture and its association with head and neck posture, cervical ROM, and DNF endurance among asymptomatic 18-25-year-olds.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Cairo University
Study design
Observational model
OTHER
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 25 Years
Inclusion criteria
1. Individuals who are willing to participate at the time of data collection. 2. Individuals aged 18 - 25 years old. 3. Individuals who use a smartphone to report the duration of weekly usage (at least one year of using a smartphone and minimum duration of smartphone use of ≥1 h per day
Exclusion criteria
1. Previous history of an accident or severe injury. 2. Any neurological or cardiovascular problem. 3. Spinal surgery or any disease that prevents the individual from adopting an unsupported orthostatic posture. 4. Congenital cervical problem. 5. Pregnant women.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Assessing the average duration of smartphone screen time | at baseline | A mobile application called Screen Time Restrain Yourself measures smartphone usage in hours over the past week, allowing users to monitor their daily usage without disrupting normal smartphone use. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Assessment of head and neck posture | at baseline | Photogrammetry is a reliable method for measuring head and cervical spine postures. It involves taking sagittal photographs of the subject's head tilt angle and neck tilt angle. A camera is positioned at a height corresponding to the seventh cervical vertebra (C7) level, and spherical markers are attached to the right tragus, canthus, and spinal process. The subject is instructed to sit on a chair, maintain a resting head posture, and perform full flexion and extension three times. The average of angles from repeated photos is used to reduce bias. Fatigue time is reported after ten minutes of use with a smartphone. |
| Assessment of cervical range of motion | at baseline | Cervical ROM is measured using a universal goniometer, with subjects placed flat on the floor and supported on a lap. They move their head in flexion and extension, with the goniometer placed over the external auditory meatus, fixed arm perpendicular to the floor, and movable arm with the nose base. For cervical rotation, they turn the head to the left or right side, and for lateral flexion, they touch the ear to a shoulder of the same side. The goniometer is a valid and reliable tool for measuring cervical ROM, with good interrater and intraterrater reliability. |
| Assessment of deep neck flexor endurance | at baseline | The Neck Flexor Muscle Endurance Test (NFMET) involves a subject supine, with hands resting on the abdomen and feet flat on a plinth. The subject performs chin retraction, head and neck lift, and skin folds. The test measures muscle endurance, with males having a longer average hold time than females. |
Countries
Egypt
Outcome results
None listed