Peripheral Arterial Disease
Conditions
Keywords
Exercise, Oxygen saturation, Intermittent Claudication
Brief summary
Studies with arm ergometer (AE) training have shown benefits in the functional capacity of patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) bypassing the main barrier to exercise in these patients, pain during walking exercise. The only study that proposed to investigate the mechanism involved in this adaptation observed that chronically training with EB promoted improvement in the oxygen saturation (StO₂) of the leg muscles during walking. However, how arm exercise could improve leg muscle StO₂ remains unknown. The goal of this study is to analyze what happens during AE on the tissue oxygen saturation (StO₂) of the leg affected by PAD.
Interventions
OTHERArm crank exercise
The arm ergometer exercise will be the only intervention implemented during the study.
Sponsors
University of Nove de Julho
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
Study design
Observational model
OTHER
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
45 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. aged ≥ 50 years; 2. with PAD confirmed by clinical diagnosis and ankle-brachial index (ABI) \< 0.90 in one or both limbs; 3. experiencing symptoms of intermittent claudication (IC) during walking; 4. with a body mass index (BMI) not exceeding 30 kg/m²; 5. with medical clearance to participate in the project; 6. presenting calf skinfold thickness less than 20 mm due to interference of adiposity with the light penetration of the NIRS probe and finger oxygen saturation \> 95% to ensure that impaired pulmonary gas exchange does not affect the calf oxygen saturation measurements.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Calf Muscule Oxygen Saturation (%) | Just before, during 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 minutes of exercise, and after 10 minutes of exercise. | The parameters of calf muscle oxygenation will be collected using the non-invasive Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) technique, with an NIRS spectrometer and a dedicated laptop computer. The NIRS sensor will be placed on the calf region, on the leg with the lower ankle brachial index, at the level of the largest calf circumference. The equipment will be programmed for continuous recording throughout the experimental session, covering the pre-exercise, during exercise with arm ergometer, and post-exercise periods. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Oxyhemoglobin (micromol) | Just before, during 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 minutes of exercise, and after 10 minutes of exercise. | The parameters of calf muscle oxygenation will be collected using the non-invasive Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) technique, with an NIRS spectrometer and a dedicated laptop computer. The NIRS sensor will be placed on the calf region, on the leg with the lower ankle brachial index, at the level of the largest calf circumference. The equipment will be programmed for continuous recording throughout the experimental session, covering the pre-exercise, during exercise with arm ergometer, and post-exercise periods. |
| Deoxyhemoglobin (micromol) | Just before, during 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 minutes of exercise, and after 10 minutes of exercise. | The parameters of calf muscle oxygenation will be collected using the non-invasive Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) technique, with an NIRS spectrometer and a dedicated laptop computer. The NIRS sensor will be placed on the calf region, on the leg with the lower ankle brachial index, at the level of the largest calf circumference. The equipment will be programmed for continuous recording throughout the experimental session, covering the pre-exercise, during exercise with arm ergometer, and post-exercise periods. |
| Total hemoglobin (micromol) | Just before, during 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 minutes of exercise, and after 10 minutes of exercise. | The parameters of calf muscle oxygenation will be collected using the non-invasive Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) technique, with an NIRS spectrometer and a dedicated laptop computer. The NIRS sensor will be placed on the calf region, on the leg with the lower ankle brachial index, at the level of the largest calf circumference. The equipment will be programmed for continuous recording throughout the experimental session, covering the pre-exercise, during exercise with arm ergometer, and post-exercise periods. |
| Subjective perception of exertion (score) | During 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 minutes of exercise. | Subjective perception of effort will be assessed using the Borg Scale, from 6 to 20, where participants rate their perceived exertion during the exercise session. |
| Pain (score) | During 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 minutes of exercise. | Pain will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), where participants mark their current level of pain on a horizontal line typically 10 centimeters in length. One end represents "no pain," while the other end signifies "worst pain imaginable." |
Countries
Brazil
Contacts
STUDY_CHAIRJéssika Silva, Ms
University of Nove de Julho
Outcome results
None listed