Sports Injury
Conditions
Brief summary
The majority of injuries among Norwegian youth occur in sports. The purpose of the project is to conduct an effect and process evaluation of the intervention #Utviklingsklar, an injury-preventive club-based intervention in youth handball and football. Central to the evaluation is whether the intervention influences the occurrence of new and recurring injuries through changed coaching practices (injury prevention warm-up, strength training, and management of players with pain and injuries). Over one season, participants from 30 clubs in youth handball and football respectively will participate in two cluster-randomized studies. Coaches and club leaders implement #Utviklingsklar and create plans and practices for injury prevention. The control clubs train as usual. Players report injuries. An additional handball and football club are followed up with observation and interviews in a qualitative part of the process evaluation. The project provides knowledge about how injuries and health in the ¾ of Norwegian youth who participate in organized sports are affected by interventions aimed at club and coaching practices.
Interventions
BEHAVIORAL#Utviklingsklar
The intervention consists of 1) an e-learning course, 2) a workshop to create plans and practices for injury-prevention, 3) a mid-season meeting
Sponsors
Linkoeping University
University of Bath
The Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports
The Norwegian Football Federation
The Norwegian Handball Federation
Norwegian School of Sport Sciences
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE (Investigator)
Masking description
The biostatistician performing the main analysis will be blinded to group assignment
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
12 Years to 100 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
-Clubs are eligible for participation if they are able to participate with one club leader, 2-6 teams, and a minimum of one coach from each of the participating teams
Exclusion criteria
* Players under the age of 12 * Coaches under the age of 16
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Questionnaire on Health Problems (OSTRC-H2) | Average of biweekly reports over 1 sports season (estimated to 32 weeks) | Weekly injury severity score (0 best - 100 worst) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Injury location | 1 sports season (estimated to 32 weeks) | Weekly injury severity score during the match season for lower leg, ankle/foot, knee, shoulder (handball), thigh (football), hip/groin (football), lumbosacral (football) and head (football) injuries |
| Injury location for sudden onset injuries | 1 sports season (estimated to 32 weeks) | weekly injury severity score during the match season for sudden onset lower leg, ankle/foot, knee, shoulder (handball), thigh (football), hip/groin (football), and lumbosacral (football) injuries |
| Injury location gradual onset injuries | 1 sports season (estimated to 32 weeks) | Weekly injury severity score during the match season for gradual-onset lower leg, ankle/foot, knee, shoulder (handball), thigh (football), hip/groin (football), and lumbosacral (football) injuries |
| Injury burden | 1 sports season (estimated to 32 weeks) | Defined as the sum of injury severity score divided by the sum of exposure (per 1000 hours), where the sums are over team and over match season. The unit of analysis for burden is thus team and not player. |
| Sports Injury Preventive Behavior Questionnaire (construct scores 0 worst - 1 best) | Baseline, midseason and post season (about 32 weeks) | The aggregated construct scores for the determinants 1) risk perception, 2) intention, 3) outcome expectancies, 4) action self-efficacy, 5) maintenance self-efficacy, 6) coping self-efficacy, 7) recovery self-efficacy, 8) action plans 9) coping plans and 10) club social support |
| Injury-preventive coaching practices | Baseline and post season (about 32 weeks) | The injury-preventive coaching practice outcomes consist of: 1. The change in the extent to which teams complete warm-up as described in the intervention from baseline to end-of season. 2. The change in the extent to which teams complete strength training as described in the intervention from baseline to end-of season. 3. The change in the extent to which players with pain or injuries receive guidance on medical care from baseline to end-of season. 4. The change in the extent to which training and match participation is facilitated for players with pain or injuries from baseline to end-of season. |
| Sudden and gradual onset injuries | 1 sports season (estimated to 32 weeks) | Weekly injury severity score during the match season for sudden and gradual onset injuries |
Other
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Dose - completion of e-learning | Before workshop (about 1-2 weeks before sports season) |
| Dose - workshop attendance checklist | At workshop (about 1-2 weeks before sports season) |
| Dose - Midseason meeting checklist | Midseason (about 16 weeks) |
| Fidelity - Midseason meeting checklist | Midseason (about 16 weeks) |
| Fidelity - workshop completion checklist | At workshop (about 1-2 weeks before sports season) |
Countries
Norway
Outcome results
None listed