Addiction, Tobacco Use Cessation
Conditions
Keywords
Tobacco Use, Tobacco Use Cessation, E-Cigarette Use, Suspension
Brief summary
The Healthy Futures: Alternative-to-Suspension Curriculum is a free, online curriculum developed to educate students and provide them with resources to quit tobacco/nicotine use. The investigation aims to estimate the extent to which Healthy Futures: Alternative-to-Suspension changes high school student's knowledge of, attitudes towards, intentions to use, and actual use of tobacco/nicotine.
Detailed description
Youth who use tobacco/nicotine products on school campuses are often detained, suspended, or expelled. Healthy Futures: Alternative-to-Suspension is an online curriculum that uses principles of motivational interviewing and cognitive behavioral therapy, incorporating a restorative practice and trauma-informed lens. The goals of the study are three-fold: (1) Assess changes in the perspectives of school administrators, educators, counselors, and health staff around the feasibility, acceptability, and usefulness of implementing Healthy Futures: Alternative-to-Suspension as an appropriate and effective response to tobacco use on campus (including versus suspension or expulsion); (2) Assess high school students' acceptability and perceptions of Healthy Futures: Alternative-to-Suspension; and (3) Estimate the extent to which Healthy Futures: Alternative-to-Suspension changes high school students' knowledge of, attitudes towards, intentions/susceptibility to use, and actual use of tobacco/nicotine products. The Stanford REACH Lab and California School-Based Health Alliance (CSHA) will partner to evaluate Healthy Futures: Alternative-to-Suspension using a school-based randomized waitlist-controlled trial in 20 high schools in California (n = 10 Healthy Futures: Alternative-to-Suspension treatment schools and 10 control schools).
Interventions
BEHAVIORALHealthy Futures: Alternative-to-Suspension Curriculum
Healthy Futures: Alternative-to-Suspension Curriculum uses a trauma-informed and restorative practice lens and uses principles of motivational interviewing (MI) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) to help students understand the harms of nicotine, reduce stress, increase positive coping, and provide resources to quit.
Sponsors
California School-Based Health Alliance
Stanford University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE (Caregiver)
Intervention model description
Employs a step-wedged design that involves delay-of-treatment for the control group. Prognostic blocks of schools will be assigned to treatment (10 schools) versus delay-in-treatment (10 schools) in Year 1 of the intervention. In Years 2 and 3, the 10 schools that served as control schools will cross over and implement the Healthy Futures: Alternative-to-Suspension intervention.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
14 Years to 18 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
for schools * Agree to be randomized to use the Healthy Futures: Alternative-to-Suspension curriculum or to use their current standard of care exclusive of Healthy Futures: Alternative-to-Suspension * Agree that teachers, counselors, or other school personnel will schedule an online survey prior to and after implementation of Healthy Futures: Alternative-to-Suspension or current standard of care with students caught using e-cigarettes or other tobacco products and with students self-reporting use of those products and seeking help to quit * Has access to a school nurse/school health officer/school counselor or school psychologist * Agree that parental consent, where required, will be sought from students prior to survey administration. * Agree that the study is in the wider interest of the public health of adolescents and in their schools interest. Inclusion criteria for participants Adolescents, aged 14-18, from grades 9-12, who are agreeable to participate in the study and provide assent.
Exclusion criteria
Adolescents, aged 14-18 years, from grades 9-12 who do not speak English.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in tobacco/nicotine use | Baseline, follow-up 1 (following intervention at one year), follow-up 2 (6 months post-intervention), follow-up 3 (6 months past follow-up 2), and follow-up 4 (6 months past follow-up 3) up to 2.5 years of the study. | Investigator-originated survey measures (questions) ever tobacco/nicotine use and past 30-day tobacco/nicotine use. All students in both arms will be asked to complete a survey at baseline (just before treatment), follow-up 1 (immediately post-intervention), follow-up 2 (6 months after completing intervention), and so on every 6 months for 2.5 years of the study. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in intention of tobacco/nicotine use scale score | Baseline, follow-up 1 (following intervention at one year), follow-up 2 (6 months post intervention), follow-up 3 (6 months past follow-up 2), and follow-up 4 (6 months past follow-up 3) up to 2.5 years of the study. | Participants will self-report changes in their intention/susceptibility to use tobacco/nicotine products using a validated four-point scale in a survey. This survey measures changes in intention to use tobacco/nicotine with questions related to the participant's knowledge of and resistance to the use of tobacco/nicotine products. Susceptibility is measured by the following questions: 1. Have you ever been curious about using an e-cigarette? 2. Do you think that you will try an e-cigarette soon? 3. If one of your best friends were to offer you an e-cigarette, would you use it? Response options for all three questions included a four-point scale: Definitely yes, Probably yes, Probably not, and Definitely not. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed