Gingivitis, Periodontitis
Conditions
Brief summary
Gingival inflammation triggered by the accumulation of bacterial is the primary risk factor for the development of periodontitis. Clinically, localized signs of inflammation limited to the gingiva, presence of significant bacterial plaque load, and stable attachment levels on the periodontium can be observed in course of gingivitis. The aim of the present study is to compare clinical aspects of gingival tissue in healthy patients versus patients with gingivitis to assess the ultrastructural variations present in course of inflammation. Patients with gingivitis and healthy controls will be enrolled. All patients will undergo ultra-high frequency ultrasonographic scans (70 MHz) of gingival tissue on three areas per dental arch (anterior, middle right, middle left). Gingival thickness, echogenicity, and vascularization assessed through resisitive index will be evaluated.
Interventions
OTHERPerformance of ultrasonographic scan
Ultra-high frequency ultrasonographic scan of gingival tissues
Sponsors
University of Pisa
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 70 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* males or females of age \> 18 years * presence of at least 20 teeth * full-mouth plaque score (FMPS) \>50% * FMBS \>30% * ability and willingness to give informed consent
Exclusion criteria
* pregnancy or breastfeeding * pharmacological treatment with antinflammatory drugs, statins, or either local or systemic antibiotics (within the previous 30 days) * smoking habit * dental or periodontal condition requiring immediate treatment * refusal to be enrolled in the study
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Echogenicity | measured once at enrollemnt | Variations in echogenicity assessed through grey levels distribution between healthy patients versus gingivitis |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Vascular parameters | measured once at enrollemnt | Variations in vascularization assessed through grey levels distribution between healthy patients versus gingivitis |
| DMFT | measured once at enrollement | The Decayed-Missing-Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, categorized as Low (0-4), Moderate (5-13), and High (14+), will evaluate overall dental health. |
| PPD | measured once at enrollement | Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) will be measured using a UNC-15 periodontal probe with 0.3 N pressure, recording six sites per tooth (distobuccal, buccal, mesiobuccal, distolingual, lingual, mesiolingual), rounded to the nearest millimeter. |
| FMBS | measured once at enrollement | Full Mouth Bleeding Score (FMBS) will be determined dichotomously post-probing. |
| FMPS | measured once at enrollement | Full Mouth Plaque Score (FMPS) will assess plaque presence on each tooth surface, with scores of 1 for presence and 0 for absence across six sites per tooth. |
Countries
Italy
Contacts
CONTACTRossana Izzetti
Outcome results
None listed