Surgical Wound, Abdominal Surgery
Conditions
Keywords
Dressing, surgical wound, incision, virtual reality glasses, stress ball, nursing care, pain, vital signs, anxiety, fear, satisfaction, comfort levels
Brief summary
According to the statistical data of the Ministry of Health for the year 2021 in Türkiye, approximately 4.7 million surgical interventions are performed annually. According to the 2017 data from the National Health Service-Associated Infections Surveillance Network, the Surgical Site Infection (SSI) rate in our country is 0.72%, and it is stated that it can be prevented by approximately 60%. Dressing application holds an important place in surgical wound management, wound healing, and preventing complications. Patients may experience pain, anxiety, and fear due to unknown factors and previous experiences during the dressing change which holds an important place in wound care management. The aim is to minimize patients' negative emotions/situations during dressing changes by diverting their attention elsewhere using virtual reality (VR) glasses and stress balls. Upon reviewing the literature, no study was found that examines the effect of applying VR glasses and stress balls during abdominal surgery dressing changes on pain, vital signs, anxiety, fear, comfort, and satisfaction levels in adults. In this regard, the aim of the research is; to examine the effects of VR glasses and stress ball application on pain, vital signs, anxiety, fear, comfort, and satisfaction levels during dressing changes in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. The study was designed as a pre-test post-test control group randomized experimental model. The sample of the study consists of adult patients who underwent abdominal surgery in Isparta City Hospital General Surgery Service-1. In the study sample, 120 individuals were included in total 40 with VR glasses, 40 individuals using stress balls, and 40 in the control group. Patient Information Form, Visual Analog Scale, and State-Trait Anxiety Scale will be used in data collection. Data from the study will be analyzed with number, percent, average, x-square, variance, and t-test in a computer environment. In consideration of the data, it is believed that important findings will be obtained in increasing satisfaction and comfort by eliminating pain, anxiety, and fear during dressing changes in patients.
Interventions
Apart from the routine clinic procedure, VR video scenes (contain nature views) will be watched for 5-10 minutes during the procedure.
DEVICEStress Ball Group
Apart from the routine clinic procedure, it will be asked squeezing the stress ball for about 5-10 minutes (squeezing it once every time he counts to five)during the procedure.
Sponsors
Suleyman Demirel University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Parallel assignment experimental model using randomized pretest and posttest with control group
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Acceptance to participate in the study both in writing and verbally. * Being over 18, * Having undergone abdominal surgery, * Being on the 1st day after surgery, * Being subjected to first dressing after surgery, * Staying in the one-person room or being the only patient in the room, * Being conscious (person, place and time orientation), * Patients who have no vision, hearing or communication problems will be included in the study.
Exclusion criteria
* Patients using analgesic, anxiolytic, and sedative medications before, during, and immediately after dressing changes. * Having chronic pain disorder * Having a disease that may affect primarily vital signs (such as Hypertension, COPD), * Not having any psychiatric and cognitive/mental disease (dementia, etc.), * Having chronic diseases like epilepsy, vertigo, * Being diagnosed with vision, hearing(auditory) and/or balance disorder * Having an addiction or abusing alcohol or drugs.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Patient Information Form | Pre-test data will be collected from all three groups 10-15 minutes before the procedure. | This form created by researchers, consists of a total of 14 questions. These questions include patients' age, gender, education level, marital status, employment status, income level, chronic disease status, history of previous surgeries, reason for hospital admission, knowledge about colonoscopy, preference for the current method if another colonoscopy is required, and inquiry about the use of additional sedation and painkillers during the procedure. |
| Visual Analog Scale (Visual Analog Skala-VAS) | Pre-test and post-test data will be collected from all three groups 10-15 minutes before the procedure | The scale is a valid tool for measuring psychological and health variables such as pain and satisfaction, which are commonly used in clinical studies. It is a scale where the distance between two ends, with a minimum value of 0 at one end and a maximum value of 10 at the other end, is measured with a 10 cm ruler. (Price, 1983). The scale will be used to determine the pain, fear, satisfaction, and comfort levels of patients who underwent abdominal surgery during dressing changes. In this regard: It is explained to the patient that there are two extreme points and he is free to mark any place between these points that is convenient for him. The interval between the beginning of No pain, fear, satisfaction, and comfort and the point marked by the patient is measured and recorded in centimeters. |
| State Anxiety Inventory (In State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) | Pre-test and post-test data will be collected from all three groups 10-15 minutes before the procedure. | The scale is a valid and reliable scale adapted to Turkish. State anxiety inventory consists of two different scales including 40 items that individuals may use to express their emotions. The first twenty of these items, the state anxiety inventory determines persons' worry tendency due to individual characteristics. Statements in the scale are presented in the form of direct and inverted expressions. The scale was scored by giving four options for each statement. Spielberger and his colleagues state that scores ranging from 0 to 19 indicate no anxiety, 20 to 39 indicate mild anxiety, 40 to 59 indicate moderate anxiety, and scores of 60-79 indicate severe anxiety, also individuals with a score of 60 and above require professional help. This scale will be used to determine the state anxiety status of patients who underwent abdominal surgery in this study. |
| Trait Anxiety Inventory (In State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) | Pre-test data will be collected from all three groups 10-15 minutes before the procedure. | The scale is a valid and reliable scale adapted to Turkish. State-trait anxiety inventory consists of two different scales including 40 items that individuals may use to express their emotions. The items from 21 to 40 on the scale, trait anxiety inventory, were prepared to determine anxiety felt by the individual due to stressful situations. Similarly, each statement has been scored with four options.Points obtained from both scales range between 20 and 80. Spielberger and his colleagues state that scores ranging from 0 to 19 indicate no anxiety, 20 to 39 indicate mild anxiety, 40 to 59 indicate moderate anxiety, and scores of 60-79 indicate severe anxiety, also individuals with a score of 60 and above require professional help. This scale will be used to determine the trait anxiety status of patients who underwent abdominal surgery in this study. |
| Vital signs-pulse | Pre-test and post-test data will be collected from all three groups 10-15 minutes before the procedure | Patients' pulse levels |
| Vital signs-systolic blood pressure | Pre-test and post-test data will be collected from all three groups 10-15 minutes before the procedure | Patients' systolic blood pressure levels |
| Vital signs-diastolic blood pressure | Pre-test and post-test data will be collected from all three groups 10-15 minutes before the procedure | Patients' diastolic blood pressure levels |
| Vital signs-fever | Pre-test and post-test data will be collected from all three groups 10-15 minutes before the procedure | Patients' fever levels |
| Vital signs-respiratory rate | Pre-test and post-test data will be collected from all three groups 10-15 minutes before the procedure | Patients' respiratory rate levels |
| Vital signs-oxygen saturation | Pre-test and post-test data will be collected from all three groups 10-15 minutes before the procedure | Patients' oxygen saturation levels |
Contacts
Primary ContactAltun Baksi, PhD
Outcome results
None listed