Cigarette Smoking, Nicotine Vaping
Conditions
Brief summary
This study will investigate the relative appeal (abuse liability) of novel tobacco products, how the appeal is modulated by relative price, user type, and how novel products may substitute for one another.
Detailed description
An important aim of tobacco control is to reduce demand for the most harmful products. Therefore, a priori knowledge of substitutability across novel and widely used tobacco products may forecast the impact of policies on product switching. This study will use a novel method, the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM), to characterize the relative substitutability and appeal (abuse liability) of tobacco products (e.g., conventional cigarettes, nicotine vaping products \[NVP\], heated tobacco products \[HTP\], and nicotine pouch products \[NPP\]), and how the appeal is modulated by relative price, user type, and regulatory environment. Exclusive cigarette smokers and dual cigarette/NVP users, stratified by age, will complete multiple scenarios in the ETM.
Interventions
Nicotine/tobacco products available in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace at market price. Note that all participants will complete all the specified conditions.
Availability of nicotine vaping products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace at 1/2 market price. Other nicotine/tobacco products at market price. Note that all participants will complete all the specified conditions.
Availability of heated tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace at 1/2 market price. Other nicotine/tobacco products at market price. Note that all participants will complete all the specified conditions.
Availability of heated tobacco products in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace at 1/2 market price. Other nicotine/tobacco products at market price. Note that all participants will complete all the specified conditions.
Sponsors
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Medical University of South Carolina
University of Waterloo
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Participants will complete seven Experimental Tobacco Marketplace conditions. Conventional cigarette price will be parametrically increased, and the purchasing of alternative products measured. Alternative products (i.e. nicotine vaping products, heated tobacco products and nicotine pouches) will be available at different prices in separate conditions (i.e., ½ market price and market price).
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
21 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* From CA, US, or EN * At least 21 years old * Smoking daily * Smoking mostly or about equal amounts of factory-made cigarettes * Does not currently vape (for exclusive smokers only) * Vapes Daily (for dual users only)
Exclusion criteria
* There will be no additional
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Proportion of Budget Spent - CIGARETTES | 1 day | Participants completed purchasing trials in an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM) with cigarettes increasing in price. Other product prices in the ETM depend on the experimental condition. The degree to which other nicotine/tobacco products substitute for conventional cigarettes as a function of novel product (nicotine vaping products, heated tobacco products, nicotine pouch products) prices was assessed. Participants completed the ETM task under four within-subject conditions: Control: All products at market price NVP (Nicotine Vaping Products): E-cigarettes at 50% market price NPP (Nicotine Pouches): Nicotine pouches at 50% market price HTP (Heated Tobacco Products): HTPs at 50% market price Within each condition, cigarette prices ascended across 5 trials: Trial Cigarette Price Multiplier 1. 0.5x market price 2. 1.0x market price (reference) 3. 2.0x market price 4. 4.0x market price 5. 8.0x market price Proportion of the budget spent on cigarettes |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Alternative Product Consumption - E-CIGARETTES | 1 day | Participants completed the ETM task under four within-subject conditions: Control: All products at market price NVP (Nicotine Vaping Products): E-cigarettes at 50% market price NPP (Nicotine Pouches): Nicotine pouches at 50% market price HTP (Heated Tobacco Products): HTPs at 50% market price Within each condition, cigarette prices ascended across 5 trials: Trial Cigarette Price Multiplier 1. 0.5x market price 2. 1.0x market price (reference) 3. 2.0x market price 4. 4.0x market price 5. 8.0x market price Data are reported as the number of puffs purchased at each condition and cigarette trial price. |
| Alternative Product Consumption - HTP | 1 day | Participants completed the ETM task under four within-subject conditions: Control: All products at market price NVP (Nicotine Vaping Products): E-cigarettes at 50% market price NPP (Nicotine Pouches): Nicotine pouches at 50% market price HTP (Heated Tobacco Products): HTPs at 50% market price Within each condition, cigarette prices ascended across 5 trials: Trial Cigarette Price Multiplier 1. 0.5x market price 2. 1.0x market price (reference) 3. 2.0x market price 4. 4.0x market price 5. 8.0x market price Data is reported as the quantity purchased of HTP sticks at each condition and cigarette trial price. |
| Alternative Product Consumption - Nicotine Pouches | 1 day | Participants completed the ETM task under four within-subject conditions: Control: All products at market price NVP (Nicotine Vaping Products): E-cigarettes at 50% market price NPP (Nicotine Pouches): Nicotine pouches at 50% market price HTP (Heated Tobacco Products): HTPs at 50% market price Within each condition, cigarette prices ascended across 5 trials: Trial Cigarette Price Multiplier 1. 0.5x market price 2. 1.0x market price (reference) 3. 2.0x market price 4. 4.0x market price 5. 8.0x market price Data are reported as the quantity of nicotine pouches purchased for each condition and cigarette trial price. |
| Alternative Product Consumption - Nicotine Replacement Therapy | 1 day | Participants completed the ETM task under four within-subject conditions: Control: All products at market price NVP (Nicotine Vaping Products): E-cigarettes at 50% market price NPP (Nicotine Pouches): Nicotine pouches at 50% market price HTP (Heated Tobacco Products): HTPs at 50% market price Within each condition, cigarette prices ascended across 5 trials: Trial Cigarette Price Multiplier 1. 0.5x market price 2. 1.0x market price (reference) 3. 2.0x market price 4. 4.0x market price 5. 8.0x market price Data are reported as the quantity of NRT gums/lozenges purchased at each condition and cigarette trial price. |
| Alternative Product Consumption - Oral Tobacco Products | 1 day | Participants completed the ETM task under four within-subject conditions: Control: All products at market price NVP (Nicotine Vaping Products): E-cigarettes at 50% market price NPP (Nicotine Pouches): Nicotine pouches at 50% market price HTP (Heated Tobacco Products): HTPs at 50% market price Within each condition, cigarette prices ascended across 5 trials: Trial Cigarette Price Multiplier 1. 0.5x market price 2. 1.0x market price (reference) 3. 2.0x market price 4. 4.0x market price 5. 8.0x market price Data are reported as the quantity of SNUS/DIP (oral tobacco products) purchased for each condition and cigarette trial price. |
Countries
United States
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORWarren K Bickel, Ph.D.
Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | — |
|---|---|
| Age, Continuous Canada | 43 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12 |
| Age, Continuous United Kingdom | 46 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12 |
| Age, Continuous United States | 52 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 14 |
| Education Canada High | 36 Participants |
| Education Canada Low | 27 Participants |
| Education Canada Moderate | 73 Participants |
| Education Canada No answer | 1 Participants |
| Education Canada Unknown | 1 Participants |
| Education United Kingdom High | 42 Participants |
| Education United Kingdom Low | 10 Participants |
| Education United Kingdom Moderate | 53 Participants |
| Education United Kingdom No answer | 0 Participants |
| Education United Kingdom Unknown | 0 Participants |
| Education United States High | 4 Participants |
| Education United States Low | 9 Participants |
| Education United States Moderate | 39 Participants |
| Education United States No answer | 0 Participants |
| Education United States Unknown | 0 Participants |
| Income Canada High | 67 Participants |
| Income Canada Low | 15 Participants |
| Income Canada Moderate | 33 Participants |
| Income Canada No answer | 5 Participants |
| Income Canada Unknown | 1 Participants |
| Income United Kingdom High | 22 Participants |
| Income United Kingdom Low | 14 Participants |
| Income United Kingdom Moderate | 28 Participants |
| Income United Kingdom No answer | 0 Participants |
| Income United Kingdom Unknown | 0 Participants |
| Income United States High | 33 Participants |
| Income United States Low | 24 Participants |
| Income United States Moderate | 36 Participants |
| Income United States No answer | 0 Participants |
| Income United States Unknown | 0 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Canada Non-white or non-english speaker | 29 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Canada Unknown | 2 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Canada White or English speaker | 47 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized United Kingdom Non-white or non-english speaker | 13 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized United Kingdom Unknown | 0 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized United Kingdom White or English speaker | 141 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized United States Non-white or non-english speaker | 26 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized United States Unknown | 0 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized United States White or English speaker | 82 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment Canada | 77 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United Kingdom | 77 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 114 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Canada Female | 68 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Canada Male | 50 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male United Kingdom Female | 70 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male United Kingdom Male | 84 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male United States Female | 58 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male United States Male | 41 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 259 | 0 / 181 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 259 | 0 / 181 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 259 | 0 / 181 |
Outcome results
None listed