Dental Plaque Induced Gingival Disease, Orthodontic Treatment
Conditions
Keywords
tooth brushing, fixed orthodontic treatment, microbial dental plaque
Brief summary
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of tooth brushing training methods on orthodontic patients and to determine the most effective oral hygiene methods for individuals receiving orthodontic treatment.
Detailed description
Because orthodontic appliances cause food retention, a good level of oral hygiene is needed to maintain dental health. Inadequate tooth brushing can lead to gingival diseases on periodontal tissue, cavities and white lesions on tooth enamel. Antimicrobial agents and fluoride products are useful but it cannot replace the mechanical removal of plaque. Because the mechanical plaque control is still considered the most important oral hygiene tool during orthodontic treatment. In the literature, it has been reported that the motivation to maintain oral hygiene during the orthodontic fixed treatment phase has a very positive effect on periodontal health, and in the same studies, plaque index scores increased over time in control groups that were not given repeated oral treatment. If patients are not given repeated and regular oral hygiene motivation in every session in the clinical routine, gum health may deteriorate. More invasive methods may be required to correct this condition. Because poor oral hygiene, if left unchecked, can compromise the outcome of orthodontic treatment. When performing manual tooth brushing, the modified Bass technique (MBT) is often recommended to provide optimum plaque reduction by protecting oral tissues from mechanical irritation. The problem with this brushing technique is that it consists of a complex sequence of movements. First of all, the toothbrush should be positioned at a 45° angle to the gingival edge. Secondly, the brush should be moved back and forth with small horizontal vibrations. Thirdly, debris must be removed by sweeping the brush towards the occlusal face in a vertical motion (upward in the lower jaw, downwards in the upper jaw). This sequence of movements requires dexterity and attention to technique. Brushing demonstration techniques or sequences have been developed through a brochure, a model, or video.
Interventions
OTHERTooth brushing
Firstly, the toothbrush must be positioned at a 45° angle to the gingival margin. Secondly, the brush should be moved back and forth in small horizontal jerks. Thirdly, with a vertical movement, the brush should be moved in the occlusal direction, i.e. upwards in the lower jaw and downwards in the upper jaw to remove debris.
Sponsors
Yuzuncu Yil University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
14 Years to 20 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* The patient with orthodontic attachments at least 4 months * with permanent dentition
Exclusion criteria
* impacted or atypically erupted teeth * with prosthetic restorations such as crowns or implants * open bite * deep bite * crowding more than 7 mm or polydiastema cases * Individuals diagnosed with periodontitis * ndividuals with cleft lip and palate or other craniofacial anomalies
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| The Turesky modified index | Baseline, 1st month, 3rd month | The Turesky modified index, plaque on the buccal and lingual surfaces of all teeth. TMQHI scores were recorded as follows: 0, no dental plaque present, 1. isolated areas of dental plaque, 2. A thin dental plaque tape of ≤1 mm, 3. dental plaque covered up to 1/3 of the tooth surface, 4. dental plaque covered between 1/3 and 2/3 of the tooth surface, 5. dental plaque covers ≥2/3 of the tooth surface. |
| Orthodontic plaque index | Baseline, 1st month, 3rd month | Score 0: No plaque accumulation Score 1: There is plaque accumulation covering one side of the bracket base Score 2: There is plaque accumulation covering two sides of the bracket base Score 3: There is plaque accumulation covering three sides of the bracket base Score 4: There is plaque accumulation covering all four sides of the bracket base. and/or the presence of gingival inflammation |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Gingival Index | Baseline, 1st month, 3rd month | Score 0: Healthy gingiva, Score 1: Gingival characterised by mild inflammation, mild discolouration, mild oedema, no bleeding on probing, Score 2: Moderate inflammation, gingiva shiny, red and oedematous. There is bleeding on probing, Score 3: Severe inflammation, marked redness and oedema. There is a tendency to spontaneous bleeding. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed