Healthy, Pregnancy Related
Conditions
Brief summary
Study to determine iodine status in dutch pregnant women
Detailed description
Rationale: Adequate dietary iodine intake is essential to thyroid hormone synthesis, which is key for normal growth, development and metabolism. During pregnancy, maternal iodine needs are increased (recommended intake: 175 µg/day) and iodine deficiency during pregnancy affects brain and cognitive development of the foetus and might lead to pregnancy complications. Despite the use of iodized salt, it has been shown that iodine intake in the Netherlands is declining. Importantly, a recent small study in Groningen indicated a high prevalence of iodine deficiency during pregnancy (83% of participants) which was not completely restored by 16-week iodine supplementation (150 ug/d). Also in other Western European countries (i.e. Belgium, U.K., North Ireland, Sweden, Denmark and Austria) low median urinary concentrations of iodine (73-124 ug/L) have been observed in pregnant women. Notably, most studies collected spot-urine samples and a 24h urine collection, the golden standard for determination of iodine status, is lacking. Therefore, here it is proposed to measure 24h median urinary iodine concentration corrected for urinary volume and creatinin levels in pregnant women, and compare these values with Thyroglobulin (Tg)-concentrations in serum as measure for iodine intake over a longer period of time. It is hypothesised that the iodine status of pregnant women in The Netherlands is lower than the national recommended intake for this target group.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM)
Maastricht University Medical Center
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 45 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Female * 18-45y old * in first 16 weeks of pregnancy * pregnant of singleton
Exclusion criteria
* Thyroid-disease or any other metabolic disease * kidney disease * twin-pregnancy
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Median urinary iodine excretion (µg/d) | At baseline measurement | Median urinary iodine excretion (µg/d) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Creatinin concentration in urine | At baseline measurement | Creatinin concentration in urine |
| Urinary volume | At baseline measurement | Urinary volume |
| Smoking status (smoking is interfering with iodine metabolism) | At baseline measurement | Smoking status (smoking is interfering with iodine metabolism) Yes/no |
| Thyroglobulin and thyroglobulin antibody concentrations in blood serum | At baseline measurement | Thyroglobulin and thyroglobulin antibody concentrations in blood serum |
| Nutritional intake specifically related to iodine intake (questionnaire) | At baseline measurement | Nutritional intake specifically related to iodine intake (questionnaire) Iodine specific ffq |
| Intake other relevant micronutrients for pregnant | At baseline measurement | Intake other relevant micronutrients for pregnant |
| Vegan/Vegetarian y/n (soy is competitive for iodine on thyroid) | At baseline measurement | Vegan/Vegetarian y/n (soy is competitive for iodine on thyroid) |
Countries
Netherlands
Outcome results
None listed