Hypertension, Quality of Life
Conditions
Brief summary
To compare between the effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation and TENS on blood pressure and quality of life in patients with primary hypertension BACKGROUND: The current American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) 2017 guidelines define hypertension as systolic BP (SBP) of ≥130 mmHg or diastolic BP (DBP) of ≥80 mmHg. In adults, an increase of 20 mmHg in SBP or 10 mmHg in DBP is associated with more than a two-fold increase in mortality owing to stroke and other cardiovascular diseases. Hypertension accounts for 13% of premature deaths worldwide and is the third leading cause of disability-adjusted life years (Shah et al., 2022). Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation of the Neiguan (P6) point with acupressure is possibly affecting the blood pressure by protecting the myocardial tissues and influencing the nervous system through regulating the autonomic nervous system function and reduction in sympathetic activity. (Hassanein et al., 2021). HYPOTHESES There will be no a significant difference between the effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation and TENS on blood pressure and quality of life in patients with primary hypertension RESEARCH QUESTION: Is there a significant difference between the effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation and TENS on blood pressure and quality of life in patients with primary hypertension? Evaluating equipment, pre-post intervension outcomes: 1. BP by Digital Sphygmomanometer 2. quality of life by The SF-12 health status questionnaire 3. nitric oxide level in blood by nitric Oxide analysis. 4. sleep quality. by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) 5. exercise capacity and endurance by Thirty-Second Sit-To-Stand Test (30 STST)
Interventions
DEVICETranscutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation
It will be performed by using the TENS device on acupoint (TEAS) as the following: The patients will be placed in a relaxed comfortable sitting position with their back well supported. for 40 min three times weekly for a total of 6 weeks.The adhesive electrodes of the TENS device will be placed on the selected acupoint bilaterally Nei-Guan (PC6), Taichong (LR3), and Sanyinjiao (SP6)
DEVICETranscutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (group b):
TENS will be applied in the cervicothoracic ganglion region located between the C7 and T4 vertebral processes for 40 min three times weekly for a total of 6 weeks.
Sponsors
Tawfik Tawfik Mahmoud Emara
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
50 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* 1\) Sixty patients from both sexes diagnosed with essential HT at least 6 months ago. 2\) Their age will be ranged from 50 to 60 years old. 3) Their blood pressure will be ranged from (SBP is 140 -159 mmHg and/or DBP is 90-99 mmHg). 4\) Their body mass index (BMI) ranged from will be ranged from 24.9 to 29.9 kg/m2. 5\) All patients are medically stable and receive the same medical treatment 6) All patient nonsmoker or quitted smoking for at least 4-5 years 7) All patients will be similar in terms of status of functional activity, status of eating a salt-free diet and the presence of any chronic disease except HT
Exclusion criteria
* 1\) Secondary hypertension 2) Patients with cardiac problems e.g. atrial fibrillation, left bundle-branch block, heart failure, recent myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, or participation in cardiac rehabilitation following bypass surgery. 3\) Patients with history, symptoms of, and/or laboratory reports suggestive of renal, neurologic, or hepatic complications. 4\) Use of a cardiac pacemaker 5) Any metal implants at site of application of TENS 6) Dermatological abnormalities at the site of the application of TENS 7) Obesity with body mass index (BMI) \> 30 kg/m2 8) Smoker, diabetes. 9) Soft tissue, nerve, and vascular diseases of upper or lower extremities which hinder the application of TEAS.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Blood Pressure by using a digital sphygmomanometer | six weeks | Blood pressure was recorded by using a digital sphygmomanometer |
| quality of life by Short Form twelve health status questionnaire | six weeks | by Short Form twelve health status questionnaire Health-Related Quality of Life survey consisting of twelve questions that measure eight health domains to assess physical and mental health.The score ranges from 0 to 100, with a higher score indicating better physical and mental health functioning. |
| Nitric oxide by nitric oxide sample analysis | six weeks | by nitric oxide sample analysis |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| exercise capacity and endurance measured by Thirty-Second Sit-To-Stand Test (30 STST) | six weeks | measured by Thirty-Second Sit-To-Stand Test (30 STST) |
| sleep quality | six weeks | Measured by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) It assesses sleep quality through seven components (subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction) which the participant is asked to recall over the past month. In scoring the PSQI, seven component scores are derived, each scored 0 (no difficulty) to 3 (severe difficulty). The component scores are summed to produce a global score (range 0 to 21). Higher scores indicate worse sleep quality than lowest component. |
Countries
Egypt
Outcome results
None listed