Primary Dysmenorrhea
Conditions
Brief summary
The aim of this study is to evaluate pain and physical fitness parameters such as balance, muscle strength, and core stabilization in primary dysmenorrhea.
Detailed description
Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a condition that occurs just before or during menstruation and is accompanied by cramp-like pain in the lower abdomen, without any pelvic pathology. Pain usually begins just before or during menstruation and ends within 12-72 hours. Most women with PD describe their menstrual pain as moderate to severe, which significantly affects their activities of daily living and school and work performance. In PD, functions and activities of daily living are also affected due to pain and other hormonal changes. Studies have reported that musculoskeletal problems such as decreased spinal mobility, pelvic stability and postural control are observed in women with dysmenorrhea. The aim of this study is to evaluate pain and physical fitness parameters such as balance, muscle strength, and core stabilization during the menstruation and on a non-menstrual day of the cycle, in primary dysmenorrhea.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Bezmialem Vakif University
Study design
Observational model
OTHER
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 25 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Between the ages of 18-25 * Body mass index of 18-25 kg/m2 * Having a regular menstrual cycle (28±7 days) * For the PD Group; pain level \>5 according to VAS during menstruation * For the Control Group; having a VAS score of 5 or less
Exclusion criteria
* Having given birth before * Using an intrauterine device * Having a health problem that causes chronic pain * Having a diagnosis of neurological, orthopedic, vestibular, rheumatological disorder * Being diagnosed with a gynecological or pelvic disorder such as endometriosis, ovarian cyst * Having a history of abdominal or gynecological surgery within the last year * Being on oral contraceptive use/hormonal therapy or antidepressant treatment * Having used painkillers 12 hours before the evaluation * Participating in a regular exercise program
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Pain assessment | 2 weeks | Pain assessment will be evaluated with a visual analog scale. Subjects will be asked to mark the intensity of the pain they feel on a 10 cm line, where 0 means no pain and 10 means very severe pain. |
| Core stability | 2 weeks | A pressurized biofeedback device will be used to evaluate core stability. The device will initially be set to 70 mmHg pressure and changes in pressure will be recorded for analysis at the end of the evaluation. |
| Lower extremity muscle strength | 2 weeks | A 30-second sit to stand test will be used to evaluate the individual's lower extremity muscle strength and functional capacity. The number of repetitions performed in 30 seconds is recorded. |
| Balance | 2 weeks | Biodex Balance System (Biodex Medical Systems, Inc. USA) will be used in the dynamic postural stability test and sensory integration of balance clinical test evaluations. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Menstrual symptoms | 2 weeks | Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire will be used to evaluate pain and symptoms related to menstruation. The scale score is calculated by taking the total score average of the items in the scale. An increase in the average score indicates an increase in the severity of menstrual symptoms. |
| Depression, anxiety and stress symptoms | 2 weeks | Depression Anxiety Stress Scale will be used. The scale consists of 3 sub-dimensions. Higher scores indicate an increase of severity of symptoms for each sub-dimensions. |
| Lower extremity flexibility | 2 weeks | Lower extremity flexibility will be performed with a sit-and-reach test. Evaluation will be carried out by measuring the distance between the platform and the hands of the subjects at the last point they can reach while reaching forward with their hands. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Contacts
Primary ContactKubra Alpay, PhD
Outcome results
None listed