Chronic Kidney Diseases, Exercise Capacity, Inspiratory Muscle Training
Conditions
Keywords
Chronic kidney disease, Inspiratory muscle training
Brief summary
The goal of this study is to investigate the effects of different IMT protocols on respiratory muscle strength, functional exercise capacity, quadriceps femoris muscle strength (QMS), handgrip muscle strength (HGS), QoL, respiratory function, dyspnoea, fatigue, balance, and PA levels in patients with CKD that were not on dialysis.
Detailed description
Peripheral and respiratory muscle weakness has been reported in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Management of respiratory muscle weakness is crucial, as reduced functional performance is related to respiratory muscle weakness. Different IMT function protocols with 30-70% of the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) have been found to improve these in patients with CKD. The most efficient IMT intensity for patients with CKD is unknown. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of different IMT protocols on respiratory muscle strength, functional exercise capacity, quadriceps femoris muscle strength (QMS), handgrip muscle strength (HGS), QoL, respiratory function, dyspnoea, fatigue, balance, and PA levels in patients with CKD that were not on dialysis.
Interventions
OTHERInspiratory muscle training
IMT will be conducted using a pressure threshold-loading device (POWERbreathe® Classic Low Resistance). The groups will train for 30 min-per/day, 7 days/week, for 8 weeks. Six sessions at home and 1 session will be performed at department. physiotherapist
Sponsors
Mustafa Kemal University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Masking description
The patients will be not informed about their groups and they will be evaluated and trained at different places and times
Intervention model description
Patients will be randomized to the following groups: Group 1 (10% MIP), Group 2 (30% MIP), or Group 3 (60% MIP).
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 80 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patients with CKD stages 1-5 based on the CKD staging proposed by the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative who are not on dialysis * Aged\>18 years * No change in medications over one month
Exclusion criteria
* Uncontrolled hypertension * Non-stable cardiac disease * Recent viral infections * Respiratory, neurological, and orthopedic diseases * Pregnant and lactating patients
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Inspiratory muscle strength | First day | A mouth pressure device will be used to evaluate IMS. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Peripheral muscle strength | First day | A hand-held dynamometer will be used to measure peripheral muscle strength. The measurements will be repeated three times, and the highest value will be used for comparison. |
| Expiratory muscle strength | First day | A mouth pressure device will be used to evaluate EMS. |
| Pulmonary functions FEV1 | First day | Spirometry will be used to assess pulmonary function. |
| Pulmonary functions FVC | First day | Spirometry will be used to assess pulmonary function. |
| Pulmonary functions FEV1/FVC | First day | Spirometry will be used to assess pulmonary function. |
| Pulmonary functions PEF | First day | Spirometry will be used to assess pulmonary function. |
| Functional exercise capacity | First day | Functional exercise capacity will be evaluated with 6 minutes working test. Test will be performed in an enclosed 30-m corridor. The patients walk as fast as they could within 6 min. |
| Dyspnoea | First day | Dyspnoea will be measured using the Modified Medical Research Council (MMRC) dyspnoea scale. Levels of dyspnea are graded 0-4. |
| Fatigue | First day | Fatigue will be assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). The total score ranges from 0 to 7. |
| Quality of life assessment | First day | The Short Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire will be used to assess QoL and includes both physical and mental components. The scores range from 0 to 100. |
| Physical activity | First day | Physical activity will be assesed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form, which includes questions on sitting duration, walking activity, and moderate and vigorous activities.The IPAQ is categorized as inactive (\<600 MET-min/week), minimally active (600-3000 MET-min/week), and sufficiently active (\>3000 MET-min/week) based on total scores. |
| Balance | First day | Balance will be evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). The scale includes 14 items scoring 0 to 4. Higher scores indicate better balance. |
| Pulmonary functions FEF25-75% | First day | Spirometry will be used to assess pulmonary function. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed