Correctional Institutions, Interpersonal Relations, Rehabilitation of Criminals, Social Dominance, Social Environment
Conditions
Brief summary
The social climate in secure settings is an essential element to successful rehabilitation. Previous studies indicate that staff characteristics are a relevant factor contributing to a beneficial social climate. Yet, secure settings form a specific and challenging work environment. Staff members are faced with clients who present a variety of difficult emotional and behavioural problems. Social motives for caring and cooperation can be blocked in a threatening environment, favouring dysfunctional interpersonal dynamics between individuals. This observational study explores the reciprocal influences of social motives between clients and staff on the social climate within secure settings.
Interventions
DIAGNOSTIC_TESTCSIV, Social motive
The CSIV is a self-report measure and assesses interpersonal values using eight octant scales, which are aggregated into overall communion and agency scores, ranging from -4 to +4 .
DIAGNOSTIC_TESTInterpersonal messages and behavior
The Impact Message Inventory - Circumplex (IMI-C) Brief Version is a self-report transactional inventory designed to measure a target person's interpersonal behavior on four octant scales dominance, hostility, submissiveness, and friendliness by assessing the covert responses or impact messages of another person. Each subscale consists of 7 items, with each item scored on a 4-point Likert scale from 1 (not at all) to 4 (very much so). The minimum score per scale is 7 and the maximum score is 28.
DIAGNOSTIC_TESTCCS, Social motive
The CCS is a elf-report inventory, that measures tendencies towards competitiveness versus caring in social interactions. The minimum score for the two subscales competitiveness and caring are 9 and the maximum score is 90.
Sponsors
University of Basel
University Psychiatric Clinics Basel
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Clients who are currently incarcerated within the specified secure settings. * Staff members currently employed in the specified secure settings. * Individuals (both clients and staff) who are capable of providing informed consent. * Clients who are deemed competent and not under any disciplinary restrictions that would preclude participation. * Staff members who are directly involved with client care and management.
Exclusion criteria
* Clients who are not considered competent to provide informed consent. * Staff members who do not have direct interactions with clients (e.g., administrative staff not involved in direct care). * Clients and staff from open prisons
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Social Climate Perception | Day 1 | Measured through Essen Climate Evaluation Schema (EssenCES). The EssenCES uses a 5-point Likert scale for each item, ranging from 0 (never) to 4 (always). The three subscales Therapeutic Hold, Patients' Cohesion and Experienced Safety each comprises five items, the minimum score for each subscale is 0 and the maximum is 20. |
Countries
Switzerland
Outcome results
None listed