Healthy
Conditions
Keywords
geriatric, cognitive functions, square stepping exercise, quality of life
Brief summary
This study was designed to investigate the effects of Square-Stepping Exercise Training on cognitive functions and quality of life in geriatric individuals. The volunteer participants in the study were randomly divided into two groups: a square-stepping exercise group and a control group. In the study, participants in the exercise training groups received square stepping exercises three days a week for six weeks, while those in the control group did not undergo any training. Both groups were assessed before and six weeks after the training period. The investigators used several assessment tools including Hodkinson's Mental Test, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Stroop Test, Trail Making Test, and the Turkish World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALSquare Stepping Exercise
The exercise is performed on a thin exercise mat divided into 40 small squares. Participants are shown specific step patterns on this mat and are instructed to repeat the same step pattern until the end of the exercise mat. Once a pattern is completed on the exercise mat, its mirror-image pattern is also performed. The basic pattern is repeated 3-5 times, followed by the same number of repetitions for the mirror-image pattern. However, if participants struggle with the pattern, it is repeated until they learn it. Individuals execute the demonstrated pattern on the exercise mat and return to the beginning of the mat after completing it.
Sponsors
Pamukkale University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
65 Years to 75 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Individuals aged between 65-75 years old, * Able to walk independently, * Hodkinson Mental Test score ≥ 8, * Without any neurological or lower extremity-affecting diseases, * Healthy geriatric individuals who agreed to participate in the study were included.
Exclusion criteria
* Using 3 or more medications, * Hodkinson Mental Test score \<8, * Currently participating in any exercise/rehabilitation program, * Geriatric individuals with a history of lower extremity surgery
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change on Cognitive Functions from Base on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment In 6 Weeks | Baseline and 6 weeks | The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was designed as a rapid screening instrument for mild cognitive dysfunction. It assesses different cognitive domains: attention and concentration, executive functions, memory, language, visuoconstructional skills, conceptual thinking, calculations, and orientation. |
| Change on Cognitive Functions from Base on the Stroop Test In 6 Weeks | Baseline and 6 weeks | The Stroop test measures the interference between reading and naming the ink color of words, highlighting the conflict between automatic and controlled cognitive processes. |
| Change on Cognitive Functions from Base on the Trail Making Test In 6 Weeks | Baseline and 6 weeks | The Trail Making Test is a test that involves visual scanning and working memory. Test consists of two parts, A and B. In Part A (TMT-A), the participant must draw a line to connect consecutive numbers, from 1 to 25. In Part B (TMT-B), the participant connects numbers and letters in an alternating progressive sequence, 1 to A, A to 2, 2 to B, and so on |
| Change on Quality of Live from Base on the World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale Turkish version In 6 Weeks | Baseline and 6 weeks | The WHOQOL-OLD is an instrument for the assessment of subjective quality of life in elderly people. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed