Fragility, Functional Movement Disorder
Conditions
Keywords
dual task exercise, institutionalized, physical function
Brief summary
Aim: to compare the effects of single-task (ST) and dual-task (DT) training on physical and cognitive function in institutionalized older adults in 1 month. Methods: Participants were assigned randomly into two groups, ST (multicomponent physical exercise) and DT training (multicomponent physical exercise + cognitive tasks). Both groups performed the exercise three times per week for 1 month. Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), handgrip strength, Barthel Index and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were used to assess physical and cognitive performance, respectively. Variables were measured at the beginning (V1),at the end of the exercise (V2), as well as one month later (V3). Paired Student's t-test and lineal logistic regressions models were used to explore the effect of the exercise interventions.
Interventions
OTHERSingle-Task
Single-task (ST) training group developed an exercise program based on Functional Exercise Circuit (FEC) protocol. This exercise program has been published previously12, which considered 15 different exercises in a functional exercise circuit.
OTHERDual-Task
DT training (multicomponent physical exercise + cognitive tasks)
Sponsors
University of Americas
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Masking description
Although blinding is not possible for participants in exercise-intervention research, the outcome assessors and data analysts were masked to group assignments. The study was unblinded after the statistical analyses were completed.
Intervention model description
Parallel Assignment
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
65 Years to 75 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Institutionalized older people between 65 and 75 * mild to moderate cognitive impairment
Exclusion criteria
* Acute or chronic pathologies that prevent exercise
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) | 4 weeks | The SPPB is a battery of tests that include: the 4-meter walking test (4MWT) performed at usual pace, the 5-times sit-to-stand test (5STS), and Romberg balance test, assessing the ability of standing upright in three progressively standing conditions (feet together, semi-tandem and full-tandem) for a maximum period of ten seconds. SPPB scores range from 0 (inability to complete the test) to 4 (best performance), obtaining a total score ranging from 0 (worst performance) to 12 (best performance)14. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) | 4 weeks | MoCA15 was used to assess cognitive status. This test evaluates older adults' attention, language, calculation, orientation, construction, visual and memory. This test has been validated in Spanish16and has cut-off scores adjusted to the Chilean population17. maximum score is 30 points, where 26 points or more is considered normal |
| Barthel Index | 4 weeks | Disability status was assessed by the Barthel Index18. This test measures the individual's independence in Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADLs). Barthel Index classifies individuals in four categories: severe disability (scores from 0 to 60), moderate disability (scores from 65 to 85), mild disability (from 90 to 95) and no disability (scores of 100). |
| Isometric Handgrip Strength (IHS) | 4 weeks | IHS in both hands were evaluated by using a hydraulic JAMAR dynamometer (J. A. Preston Corporation, Clifton, NJ, USA) following standard procedures19. The best of two performances with one minute of resting between them was registered. |
| Immobility Syndrome Scale | 4 weeks | Staging of dismobility was assessed by the tool proposed by Dinamarca (ETADI) 20. ETADI tries to classify older individuals according to their immobility level: stage 1 corresponds to the level in which the patient can spend most of the day in standing, stage 2, sedentary, and stages 3, 4 and 5 correspond to the substages of bed rest. Sub-stage A is related to greater independence and B to greater dependence on the patient. |
Countries
Chile
Outcome results
None listed