Mood Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, Psychotic Disorders
Conditions
Brief summary
This study aimed to determine the feasibility and acceptability of delivering Resilience Training in multi-user virtual reality.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALResilience Training
Behavioral group-based intervention delivering mindfulness, metallization, and self-compassion skills.
Sponsors
Massachusetts General Hospital
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
14 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
for college student participants: 1. 18-30 years old 2. Enrolled in an undergraduate program Inclusion criteria for healthcare provider participants: 1. At least 18 years old 2. Employed in the healthcare field with some direct patient contact
Exclusion criteria
1. Inability to provide informed consent 2. Not proficient in English 3. Acute symptoms of a psychiatric illness needing immediate care (such as acute psychotic symptoms, current suicidality, serious active alcohol or substance use, marked deterioration in functioning over the prior month) determined by self-report that necessitates close monitoring or inpatient or partial hospitalization. 4. Enrolled in current psychotherapy with frequency of more than once per month
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Stop Distance Paradigm | Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later | The Stop Distance Paradigm is a reliable way to measure ones personal space. The larger the number, the larger the person stands from others. This scale is rated by centimeters from zero (no personal space) to as many as the person chooses. This task was done in person, through Zoom, and in virtual reality. |
| Discomfort with Others | Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later | Discomfort with others is measured on a brief scale rated on a Likert scale of 1-5, asking three questions, how frequently someone feels discomfort with others, how intensely they feel it, and a multiple choice selection of reasons they may feel discomfort with others. Higher ratings indicate more discomfort with others. |
| Intervention Feasibility and Acceptability | Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later | This measure includes participant attendance, with more attendance of the intervention indicating better feasibility and acceptability. |
| Penn Emotion Recognition Test | Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later | The Penn Emotion Recognition Test (ER-40) is a 15-minute computer task which involves identifying the emotion (sadness, anger, etc.) expressed by a variety of face images with 5 possible options, was used to measure emotion recognition ability. The total score ranges from 0-40, with individual sub-scores for happy, sad, angry, fearful, and neutral expressions. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Beck Depression Inventory | Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later | The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is a 21-item self-report assessment obtaining ratings of one's level of depression on a Likert scale of 0-63, with higher scores indicating more depressive symptoms. |
| Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory | Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later | The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) is a 20-item self-report scale obtaining ratings of one's anxiety, both those that are trait like and ongoing, and those that are state like and temporary. Scores range from 0-120, with higher scores indicate higher levels of anxiety symptoms. |
| Prodromal Questionnaire- Brief | Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later | The Prodromal Questionnaire- Brief (PQ-B) is a 21-item self-report survey assessing psychotic experiences such as common delusional experiences (e.g. paranoia, grandiosity, ideas of reference) and perceptual aberrations (e.g. experiences of being controlled, mind reaching, etc.). and distress related to them. Each item is scored on a 0 to 5 scale. The total score is rated across the 21 items ranging between 0 and 105 with higher scores indicating more severe psychotic experiences. |
| Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale | Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later | The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) is a 25-item self-report scale obtaining ratings of one's level of coping and emotional resilience. It is rated on a scale of 0-100, with higher scores indicate one has more coping skills and more emotional resilience. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed