Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
Conditions
Keywords
Suicide prevention, Self-injury, Risk assessment, Attitudes, Competency, Mental health provider
Brief summary
The overall goal of this project is to design, implement, and revise the Core Competency Model for Corrections (CCM-C), an evidence-based Self-Directed Violence (SDV) prevention training program for correctional mental health providers in the North Carolina Department of Adult Corrections (DAC). The proposed specific aims are: Aim 1: To create the CCM-C training program. Aim 2: To assess preliminary training effectiveness. Aim 3: To gather training program quality improvement feedback from corrections stakeholders.
Detailed description
Investigators will conduct a pilot feasibility and preliminary effectiveness evaluation of the Core Competency Model for Corrections (CCM-C; Cramer et al., 2022). This training approach involves psycho-educational content, self-assessment tools, interactive exercises to address 10 clinical care and practitioner-focused skill sets for suicide and self-injury risk assessment and management. The protocol employs a waitlist control sequential cross-over design and mixed-method evaluation approach targeting 50-100 NC correctional behavioral health clinicians (BHCs). Through an ongoing academic-community partnership, investigators will employ a Corrections Advisory Panel (CAP) to provide expert review of training. The CAP will comprise six NC-DAC BHCs and 4-6 external BHCs with experience in correctional behavioral health. Two training groups will each provide three assessments via an online self-report evaluation battery gathering information regarding participant demographics; SDV prevention knowledge, attitudes, and perceived skills; incarceration-related attitudes; and perceived importance of and intention to use SDV prevention practices.
Interventions
OTHERCore Competency Model for Corrections (CCM-C) Self-Directed Violence Prevention Training
The Core Competency Model (CCM; Cramer et al., 2013, 2019) is an evidence-based educational training program for BHCs in suicide prevention core suicide prevention skills. The ten core competencies are: (1) Manage personal attitudes and reactions to suicide; (2) Maintain a collaborative stance toward the client; (3) Elicit evidence-based risk and protective factors; (4) Focus on current suicide plan and intent of suicidal ideation; (5) Determine risk level; (6) Enact a collaborative evidence-based treatment plan; (7) Notify and involve other persons; (8) Document risk, plan, and reasoning for clinical decisions; (9) Know the law concerning suicide, and; (10) Engage in debriefing and self-care. The CCM will be adapted for this pilot trial. In light of the SDV problem in carceral settings, the CCM for Corrections (CCM-C; Cramer, Kaniuka, & Peiper, 2022) was adapted to address both suicide and self-injury assessment, treatment, and prevention.
Sponsors
North Carolina Department of Adult Corrections
North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services
University of North Carolina, Charlotte
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 99 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Behavioral Health Clinician (BHC) * 18 years of age or older * Living in the U.S. * Currently employed by the NC DAC
Exclusion criteria
* Decisional or cognitive impairments that preclude being able to consent to study participation * Being a member of the study correctional advisory panel (CAP)
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Appropriateness | Immediately post-training | Appropriateness of CCM-C training as measured by the self-report subscale of the Feasibility of Intervention Measure (FIM; Weiner et al., 2017); the scale ranges from 5-20 where higher scores indicate greater appropriateness. |
| Usability | Immediately post-training | Usability of CCM-C training as measured by the self-report subscale of the Feasibility of Intervention Measure (FIM; Weiner et al., 2017); the scale ranges from 5-20 where higher scores indicate greater usability. |
| Feasibility of the CCM-C training intervention | Immediately post-training | Feasibility of CCM-C training as measured by the Feasibility of Intervention Measure (FIM; Weiner et al., 2017); the scale ranges from 5-20 where higher scores indicate greater feasibility. |
| Acceptability | Immediately post-training | Acceptability of CCM-C training as measured by the self-report subscale on the Feasibility of Intervention Measure (FIM; Weiner et al., 2017); the scale ranges from 5-20 where higher scores indicate greater acceptability. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Perceived importance of training | Immediately post-training | Investigators will use the intention to use training content scale (Cramer et al., 2019), a brief self-report questionnaire, to capture BHC's perceived importance in using (pre-training) and intent to use (post-training) CCM-C training content. Across seven items, higher scores (item mean 1-5) denote greater perceived importance of the training. |
| Self-directed violence prevention knowledge | Immediately post-training | For this pilot evaluation, investigators created a 10 multiple-choice CCM-C Knowledge Quiz. Correct answers are summed for a total score (range 0-10) where higher scores indicate greater understanding of the CCM-C. |
| Perceived self-directed violence prevention skills | Immediately post-training | The Suicide Competency Assessment Form (SCAF; Cramer et al., 2013, 2020) will be used to measure participants' perceived SDV prevention skill mastery. The SCAF is a self-report questionnaire that contains 10 items capturing core competencies of the CCM-C training; these items are measured on a four-point scale of perceived competency (1 = incapable; 4 = advanced) where higher scores denote better competency. For the present study, these 10 items was adapted to capture SDV-focused skills. |
| Willingness to intervene with a suicidal person | Immediately post-training | The Attitudes about Intervening with a Suicidal Person (AIBS; Aldrich et al., 2014) self-report questionnaire will be used to measure SDV prevention-focused attitudes and the willingness to intervene in an event where a person is experiencing SDV. The AIBS is a subscale of the larger, recently revised Willingness to Intervene against a Suicidal Person Enhanced questionnaire (Aldrich & Cerel, 2023). Higher scores (range 14-90) convey more positive attitudes and greater willingness to intervening with someone in distress. |
| Beliefs about incarcerated persons engaging in self-directed violence | Immediately post-training | The Attitudes toward Prisoners who Self-Harm (APSH; Garbutt & Casey, 2015; Ireland & Quinn, 2007) scale is a self-report questionnaire that will be used to measure SDV prevention-focused attitudes and stigma. The APSH consists of 25 items with a total score; higher scores (range 25-125\_ denote more stigmatizing beliefs. |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Compassion fatigue: Job burnout | Immediately post-training | The Compassion Fatigue-Short Scale (CF-SS; Adams, Boscarino, & Figley, 2006), a self-report questionnaire, will be used to assess feelings of compassion fatigue, conceptualized as secondary traumatic stress (5 items) and job burnout (8 items). This measure contains 13 items. This subscale score denotes higher job burnout (range 8-80). |
| Compassion fatigue: Traumatic stress | Immediately post-training | The Compassion Fatigue-Short Scale (CF-SS; Adams, Boscarino, & Figley, 2006), a self-report questionnaire, will be used to assess feelings of compassion fatigue, conceptualized as secondary traumatic stress (5 items) and job burnout (8 items). This measure contains 13 items. This subscale score denotes higher traumatic stress (range 5-50). |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed