Obesity
Conditions
Brief summary
This study will examine a potential relationship between family history of obesity, that is whether people with at least one parent who had obesity in adulthood compared to people with two parents who did not have obesity in adulthood, and the ability of protein intake to curb further intake of food.
Detailed description
1\) Abstract of the study A positive energy balance (greater intake than expenditure) can explain weight gain and, when protracted, leads to overweight and obesity. The major question addressed in this proposal is if the timing of activation of specific regions of the brain is predictive of excessive food intake. Functional near infra-red spectroscopy (fNIR), seldom used in human eating studies, provides data similar to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) but allows for measurement of brain activation during food consumption. The investigator's pilot fNIR data reveal that varying patterns of regional PFC activation are associated with loss of control over eating, and that only 60% of individuals respond to acute protein intake with a reduction in food intake. Using fNIR and an acute protein challenge, the investigator will assess the effect of family history of obesity in humans on the satiation response to protein and concomitant activation of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). It is hypothesized that activation of the human medial PFC before the lateral PFC will result in greater intake of palatable food in those subjects with a proneness to obesity, and that these subjects will be less sensitive to the satiety-inducing effects of a protein preload. These results should provide an innovative and useful method for assessing risk for developing obesity and usefulness of preventative interventions.
Interventions
OTHEREnsure and Water
Ensure, a liquid meal with 9 grams of protein in 8 ounces consumed 20 minutes before eating pizza; and water, 8 ounces consumed 20 minutes before eating pizza
Sponsors
Drexel University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Masking description
Participants consume two preloads one at each visit, but are not informed which preload is being consumed on which test visit.
Intervention model description
individuals consume two distinct preloads at separate sessions
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 35 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* BMI 20-40 * weight stable for at least 3 months * no parents with history of obesity in adulthood, or at least one parent with history of obesity in adulthood
Exclusion criteria
* no current diagnosis of psychiatric disorders * no current diagnosis of neurological disorders * no current diagnosis or history of anorexia nervosa * no current diagnosis or history of bulimia nervosa * no pregnancy within the last 9 months * not currently breastfeeding * no use of investigational medication in the past 6 months * no use of prescription anti-seizure medications. * no use of prescription antidepressant medications * no use of prescription antipsychotic medications
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| lateral prefrontal cortex Oxygenated hemoglobin concentration | 3-15 minutes | Micromoles per millimeter of oxygenated hemoglobin of the lateral prefrontal cortex during pizza consumption phase |
| Baseline medial prefrontal cortex oxygenated hemoglobin | 20 minutes | Micromoles per millimeter of oxygenated hemoglobin of the medial prefrontal cortex prior to pizza consumption |
| Baseline lateral prefrontal cortex oxygenated hemoglobin | 20 minutes | Micromoles per millimeter of oxygenated hemoglobin of the lateral prefrontal cortex prior to pizza consumption |
| medial prefrontal cortex Oxygenated hemoglobin concentration | 3-15 minutes | Micromoles per millimeter of oxygenated hemoglobin of the medial prefrontal cortex during pizza consumption phase |
| Grams of pizza consumed | 3-15 minutes | Ad libitum during the pizza eating episode |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| lateral prefrontal cortex Time to Peak Light Intensity | 3-15 minutes | The time in seconds that it takes for the oxygenated hemoglobin signal to reach peak in the lateral prefrontal cortex during the ad libitum eating episode for each preload |
| Preload Oxygenated Hemoglobin Difference | 5 minutes | The difference between the oxygenated hemoglobin concentrations obtained under the two different preloads |
| medial prefrontal cortex Time to Peak Light Intensity | 3-15 minutes | The time in seconds that it takes for the oxygenated hemoglobin signal to reach peak in the medial prefrontal cortex during the ad libitum eating episode for each preload |
Countries
United States
Contacts
Primary ContactPrincipal Investigator, PhD RD
Outcome results
None listed