Healthy, Injury;Sports, Quality of Life, Sport Injury
Conditions
Keywords
Sports specialization, Young Athletes, Injury prevention, Sports performance
Brief summary
The primary aim of this observational cohort study is to assess sports specialization, sports performance, history of injuries (prevalence, types, areas, duration) and quality of life in young healthy athletes aged 8-16 from Poland. Athlete profiles will be created based on the variables (explained in detailed description) examined. Furthermore, the investigators will perform one-year injury follow-up. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Do athletes with a specific profile (lower values in athletic performance tests, low values in quality of life) evaluated at one time point, suffer injury in the future in annual observation? * Do athletes with high sports specialization will sustain injury in one-year follow-up? * Does sports specialization have a relationship with sports performance tests, and quality of life? * Does sport specialisation, training volume, geographical factor relate to injury history? * Does sports specialisation, injury history differ between sports (individual and team sports)? * Does value of the specific muscle (lower limb) isometric strength will be associated with the dynamic balance scores in young healthy athletes?
Detailed description
Recruited young healthy athletes (8-16 years-old) from sports schools, clubs, teams will invited to study. There will be performed assessment, which included: * participant characteristics (age, biological age, gender, height, weight, body mass index, sports experience, training workload, sports specialization, history of injuries) * sports performance (value of dynamic balance, isometric strength of lower limbs, functional movement patterns) * quality of life and health assessment (EQ-5D-Y) * geographical factor (Rural, Urban) * Sports (Individual, Team) * History of Injuries (Localization, Type) One-year after meetings, there will be send questionaire and phone-call to participants and their coaches/parents in order to obtain information about injuries (location, type, time-loss, etc.).
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland
Medical University of Gdansk
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
8 Years to 16 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Healthy (without injury, pain, or symptoms) * Participation in sports activities (minimum 6 months) * Age of 8 to 16 years-old * Agreement to participation from parent/guardian
Exclusion criteria
* pain or other symptoms related during study * lower extremity or trunk surgery in the last 6 months * lack of medical approval for participation in sports games
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants with sports injury after one-year follow-up | One year after the date of examination | Dichotomous assessment (0 = no injury, 1 = injury) based on a telephone interview with the parent/guardian/coach. Conditions to meet: 12 months after the date of examination, and continuity of participation in sports to the date of injury |
| Type, location, duration, and return to sports in participants with injury at one-year follow up | One year after the date of examination | Assessment based on a telephone interview with the parent/guardian/coach. Questions about: * exact type of injury (acute or chronic, contact or non-contact) * location of injury (anatomic site, e.g. knee) * duration of injury (time-loss, in days) * return to sports (Does the participant return to sport, yes or no) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| History of sports-related injuries | through study completion, an average of 1 year | Questionaire - Question about sports-related injuries within sports career (sports participating in trainings and competitions) which included: * \- exact type of injury (acute or chronic, contact or non-contact) * location of injury (anatomic site, e.g. knee) * duration of injury (time-loss, in days) Answers will be performed from young athlete and coach. If there will be occasion, answers will be matched with answers from parents/guardians. |
| Sports Specialization | through study completion, an average of 1 year | Sports specialization defined as intensive year-round training in a single sport at the exclusion of other sports. Where a highly specialized athlete may be able to (1) choose a main sport, (2) participate for greater than 8 months per year in 1 main sport, and (3) quit all other sports to focus on 1 sport. |
| Health-related quality of life: EQ-5D-Y | through study completion, an average of 1 year | Patient Reported Outcome instruments EQ-5D-Y - EuroQol Research Foundation - Certified Translation: Polish for Poland. The EQ-5D is a widely used standardized generic measure of HRQOL. A valid and accurate translation of the corresponding original document. A child-friendly version of the EQ-5D (0-100 points, where 0 means the worse quality of life, and 100 means perfect). (EQ-5D is the name of the instrument and is not an acronym.) |
| Y-Balance Test - dynamic balance test | through study completion, an average of 1 year | Dynamic Balance of the lower extremities (record as reach distance in centimeters cm and normalized reach distance in percentages %) |
| Functional Movement Screen (FMS) | through study completion, an average of 1 year | The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) is a screening tool used to identify limitations or asymmetries in movement patterns. FMS consists of 7 movement tasks (deep squat, lunges, hurdle steps, a push-up, straight-leg raises, shoulder mobility, and rotary stability). Each task will be visually assessed by an experienced physiotherapist and marked on a 4-point scale (0-3, worst-best). The total maximum score that can be obtained is 21 points. |
| Hand-Held Dynamometer (HHD) measurement - Isometric Strength of the lower extremities muscle | through study completion, an average of 1 year | Hand-Held Dynamometer (HHD) measurement (Laffayette, USA). Isometric Strength (peak force, average force (kilograms), of the lower extremities muscle (gluteus medium, quadriceps, hamstring, triceps surae. |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Participants characteristics - Body Mass Index | through study completion, an average of 1 year | weight and height will be combined to report BMI in kg/m\^2 |
| Sports experience | through study completion, an average of 1 year | Sports experience (years, months) |
| Peak Height Velocity | through study completion, an average of 1 year | Peak Height Velocity (PHV) calculated using the 'maturity offset' value (report as PHV years) - Mirwald formula |
| Sport workload (hours per trainings or competition) | through study completion, an average of 1 year | Sports and training volume (hours per trainings or competition, weekly) |
| Sports discipline and position | through study completion, an average of 1 year | Sport discipline (e.g. soccer) and Sports position (e.g. on the soccer field: defender) |
Countries
Poland
Outcome results
None listed