Cerebral Palsy, Healthy Volunteers
Conditions
Brief summary
Spatial navigation skills are very important in everyday activities and quality of life but spatial navigation abilities are not part of the standard process of assessment and rehabilitation of patients. Furthermore, it is known that children with cerebral palsy have impaired visuo-spatial competences. The main objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the spatial navigation abilities of typically developing children and of children with cerebral palsy using the StarMaze application delivered by means of a Head Mounted Display (HMD). The second aim is to investigate the user experience during the session. A similar application was already developed and tested in a virtual reality large scale platform whose size and cost limit the accessibility. Therefore, the assessment (and future training) of navigation abilities with affordable and easy-to-use technology such as HMD open new perspectives.
Interventions
OTHERVirtual Reality baseline assessment
They undergo a baseline assessment (including cognitive level and pen and paper tests for visuo-spatial abilities). Then they perform a spatial navigation assessment with an immersive virtual reality application delivered by the Oculus Quest viewer. The spatial navigation application consists of a 5-way star-maze adapted from (Biffi et al 2020 Front. Psychol.) where the participants have to find a treasure hidden at the end of one way. The application measures both the learning of spatial information and the strategy used (egocentric or allocentric). After the session, the participants fill questionnaires related to cyber-sickness and usability of the application.
Sponsors
IRCCS Eugenio Medea
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
13 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* IQ higher than 70
Exclusion criteria
* Subjects with epileptic issues * Subjects with poor head control * Visual acuity not correctable with eyeglasses
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Navigation strategy | One day | The navigation strategy is measured by the application StarMaze delivered by the Oculus Quest viewer and it could be egocentric or allocentric. The strategy is egocentric if the participant finds the treasure in the virtual space by using a self-centred trajectory. The strategy is allocentric if the participant find the treasure in the virtual space by using a trajectory based on environmental cues. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Simulator Sickness Questionnaire | One day | The questionnaire evaluates the effects of cyber sickness. Participants have to score 16 symptoms on a four-point scale (0-3).The symptoms can be placed into three general categories: oculomotor, disorientation, and nausea. Weights are assigned to each of the categories and summed together to obtain a single score. |
| System Usability Scale | One day | It evaluates the usability of the system. The SUS is a simple, ten-item five-point Likert scale giving a global view of subjective assessments of usability. |
| Learning rate | One day | The learning rate of correct path to follow to find the treasure strategy is measured by the application StarMaze delivered by the Oculus Quest viewer. It is the number of trials required by the participant to reach a stable performance |
| Suitability Evaluation Questionnaire - simplified version | One day | It evaluates the sense of agency with four questions (likert scale 1-5) and one open question. |
| Short-form of PANAS-Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scales | One day | In the questionnaire, the participant must evaluate how much s/he feels in the way described by the adjective when filling out the questionnaire, responding on a 5-point Likert scale. The PANAS provides measures of Positive Affects (PAs) and Negative Affects (NAs). The PA and NA scores are the sums of the ratings of the PA items and the NA items, respectively. PA indicates the level of pleasurable engagement with the product while NA is a general factor of subjective distress. |
| Independent Television Commission-Sense of Presence Inventory | One day | It is a 5-point Likert scale, composed of 44 items. This questionnaire evaluates the user experience to understand if the person enjoyed the game, the setting, and the overall experience. In particular, the questionnaire addresses four factors: spatial presence, engagement, realness of the environment, and side effects (cyber sickness). |
Countries
Italy
Contacts
Primary ContactEmilia Biffi, PhD
Outcome results
None listed