Autism Spectrum Disorder
Conditions
Keywords
ASD, Autism, Microskills, Video Training, Communication Skills, Young Adult
Brief summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of using a Microskills video training library for young adults, aged 18-28, with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to enhance their skills in developing and maintaining healthy relationships. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does using SkillTalk increase autistic young adults skills in the communications skills that are demonstrated in the video curriculum (skills: resolve conflict, compromise, give feedback)? * Does using SkillTalk increase reported confidence and satisfaction in communication and relationship skills? * Does using SkillTalk increase interpersonal competence? * Does using SkillTalk increase ability to cope with rejection? * Does using SkillTalk improve mental health and wellbeing? Participants will be asked to: * Take a survey at the beginning of the study, after one month the end of the study, and at 3-month follow up * Participate in recorded video calls with projects staff, comprised of 2-3 brief roleplay scenarios of relationship skills at the beginning of the study, after one month the end of the study, and at 3-month follow up * Watch a minimum of 85% of the 60 minutes of video assigned
Detailed description
The proposed project will establish the efficacy of using SkillTalk for Autistic Young Adults online video library to improve the relationship and communication skills of young adults on the autism spectrum. A randomized controlled trial is being conducted to assess the impact of the resource on participant skill demonstration and confidence, interpersonal competence, mental health and wellbeing. Participants will be young adults, aged 18-28, have ASD, with reciprocal communication skills and receptive language skills. Participants with diagnosed intellectual disabilities will be excluded from the study. Participants are primarily being recruited with assistance from agencies/organizations that serve those with ASD, community and professional advisory board members, and other community networks. It is also likely that participants will refer other autistic young adults participation. The study design will be a randomized controlled trial with pre- and post-assessment, and a 3-month follow-up assessment (4 months after start of study), each including a survey and a facilitated roleplay via video call. After completing the baseline activities, half (55) of the participants will be randomly assigned to the SkillTalk AYA intervention group which will receive access to the SkillTalk AYA web site. The control group will receive written materials with similar content. For baseline, participants will take a survey and take part in a brief facilitated role play of 3 simple relationship scenarios, one on one with a project staff member. Intervention participants will have access to SkillTalk AYA for 1 month. At the conclusion of the month period, they will participate in an immediate post-test which will again include a survey and a facilitated role play session. Three months after the conclusion of the access period participants will take a survey and take part in a final role play session. At the conclusion of the 4-month period the control group participants will be provided with access to the SkillTalk AYA materials.
Interventions
OTHERSkillTalk for Autistic Young Adults
A Microskills video training library on communication skills for autistic young adults.
OTHERFlyer Library
A collection of existing online resources on relationship skills
Sponsors
dfusion Inc
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 28 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* young adults, aged 18-28 * have ASD, with * reciprocal communication skills and receptive language skills. Eligibility will be determined by study staff with screener questions posed to the participants about their age, ASD status (self-report based on self-determination), and comfort with the study activities.
Exclusion criteria
\- Interested individuals participate in a consent screening call where they are asked to answer four simple questions about the information provided in the consent form. Participants who are unable to answer these questions correctly after prompting from study staff are excluded from the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Demonstrated Skill Score in Communication Skills. | Baseline (T1), 1 month (T2), and 4 months (T3) | Based on a rubric created for this study of the demonstrable skills for the given recorded roleplay conversation. The points earned on the rubric are summed to create a total score. The scale ranges from 0 to 160 with a higher score indicating higher skill usage. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Interpersonal Competence Score | Baseline (T1), 1 month (T2), and 4 months (T3) | Based on the ICQ; Buhrmester et al, 1988. 40-item scale includes subscales: Initiating relationships, self-disclosure, asserting displeasure with others' actions, providing emotional support, and managing interpersonal conflicts. Respondents use a 5-point rating scale to indicate their level of competence and comfort in handling each type of situation (from 1 = I'm poor at this; I'd feel so uncomfortable and unable to handle this situation, I'd avoid it if possible to 5 = I'm EXTREMELY good at this; I'd feel very comfortable and could handle this situation very well). The scores from the question are summed to create a total score. The score range is between 40 and 200. Higher values indicate more communication competence. |
| Coping With Rejection, Jealousy and Relationship Anxiety | Baseline (T1), 1 month (T2), and 4 months (T3) | Based on a scale by Rothman, Holmes et al 2022. The 16-item scale assessing how participants manage rejection and jealousy. Respondents use a 5-point rating scale to indicate the degree to which they agree with each statement. Add points for each item to create a total scale score. If a respondent skipped two more items, do not score. The score ranges between 16-80. Higher scores indicate better coping with jealousy. |
| Participant Confidence & Satisfaction in Their Communication Skills | Baseline (T1), 1 month (T2), and 4 months (T3) | Based on a scale created for the study, the score is comprised of a series of questions about ability to navigate social situations with friends, partners, and acquaintances. The scores from the question are summed to create a total score. The score range is 24 to 120, with higher scores indicating more confidence in ability. |
| Promise Anxiety Scale | Baseline (T1), 1 month (T2), and 4 months (T3) | Adult measure is the 7-item PROMIS Anxiety Short Form that assesses the pure domain of anxiety in individuals age 18 and older. Each item on the measure is rated on a 5-point scale (1=never; 2=rarely; 3=sometimes; 4=often; and 5=always) with a range in score from 7 to 35 with higher scores indicating greater severity of anxiety. |
| PROMIS Life Satisfaction Scale T-Scores | Baseline (T1), 1 month (T2), and 4 months (T3) | PROMIS (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) Life Satisfaction Short Form is a 5-item for that assesses one's cognitive evaluation of life experiences and whether one likes his/her life or not. Each item on the measure is rated on a 5-point scale (1=never; 2=rarely; 3=sometimes; 4=often; and 5=always). The raw scores are summed and converted to the corresponding T-Score. PROMIS uses T-scores with a population mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10. A higher score represents more life satisfaction. |
| PROMIS Depression Scale T-Scores | Baseline (T1), 1 month (T2), and 4 months (T3) | Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Depression Short Form. This adult measure is the 8-item PROMIS Depression Short Form that assesses the pure domain of depression in individuals age 18 and older. Each item on the measure is rated on a 5-point scale (1=never; 2=rarely; 3=sometimes; 4=often; and 5=always) with a range in score from 8 to 40 with higher scores indicating greater severity of depression. These raw scores are summed and converted to a T-Score. For the T-Score a higher score indicates greater severity of depression. Generally, a T-score below 55 is considered normal, 55-60 is mild, 60-70 is moderate, and 70 or higher is severe. PROMIS T-scores are standardized to a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
Recruited via social media advertisement from Jan-Mar, 2024. A post about the study was boosted 3 times on both Instagram and Facebook. Posts included a link and a QR code that directed interested individuals to a webpage with further information about the study: https://dfusion.my.canva.site/. They were then provided with a link to an eligibility screener. Eligible individuals were contacted via text or email and provided with access to webpage to book a time for a consent video call.
Pre-assignment details
Individuals who consented to participate in the study but did not attend the initial study observation and did not respond to attempts to contact were not assigned to study groups. All individuals who completed the timepoint on data collection activities were assigned to study groups.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Video Library Group This arm received the intervention. Participants were assigned their study group following the collection of the timepoint one observational and survey data. Batches were assigned on a weekly basis using stratified randomization to assign participants to the intervention and control groups. The covariates used for stratification were diagnostic status (self-diagnosed and professionally diagnosed and employment/education status (currently employed or attending school or not).
Following timepoint 1 data collection, participants assigned to the treatment group were provided access to the SkillTalk for AYA Microskills video library and asked to view 75 minutes of assigned videos. The library includes a curriculum covering skills such as setting boundaries, resolving conflict, and emotional regulation. After a month of access, participants took part in a second round of data collection, which was followed by another three months of passive usage of the assigned resource. The study concluded with a final round of data collection. | 58 |
| Flyer Library Group This arm received the intervention upon completion of follow-up study activities. Participants were assigned to their study group following the collection of the timepoint one observational and survey data. Batches were assigned on a weekly basis using stratified randomization to assign participants to the intervention and control groups. The covariates used for stratification were diagnostic status (self-diagnosed and professionally diagnosed and employment/education status (currently employed or attending school or not).
Following timepoint 1 data collection, participants assigned to the attention control group were provided with one month of access to a flyer site with written content on topics not included in the evaluation. This included seven written flyers on the topics of asking for and receiving consent, autism and law enforcement, autistic burnout, navigating health care, unmasking autism, job interview protocol, and workplace accommodations. After a month of access, participants took part in a second round of data collection, which was followed by another three months of passive usage of the assigned resource. The study concluded with a final round of data collection. After the study was finished, control group participants received three months of access to the intervention, to use if they wished. | 57 |
| Total | 115 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Timepoint 2 | Lost to Follow-up | 6 | 4 |
| Timepoint 3 | Lost to Follow-up | 0 | 5 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Total | Flyer Library Group | Video Library Group |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 22.66 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.68 | 23.21 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.54 | 22.11 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.71 |
| Diagnostic Status Diagnosed by Healthcare Professional | 76 Participants | 34 Participants | 42 Participants |
| Diagnostic Status Self Diagnosed | 39 Participants | 23 Participants | 16 Participants |
| Education 1 or more years of college credit, no degree | 39 Participants | 18 Participants | 21 Participants |
| Education Associates degree (AA, AS) | 9 Participants | 4 Participants | 5 Participants |
| Education Bachelor's degree (BA, BS) | 34 Participants | 15 Participants | 19 Participants |
| Education Doctorate degree (PhD, ScD, EdD) | 2 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Education GED or alternative credential | 2 Participants | 0 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Education Grades 1 through 11 | 2 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Education Less than 1 year of college | 9 Participants | 7 Participants | 2 Participants |
| Education Master's degree (MA, MS, MSW, MEd, MBA, MEng) | 9 Participants | 5 Participants | 4 Participants |
| Education Professional degree beyond bachelor's degree | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Education Regular high school diploma | 9 Participants | 6 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Employment Status No - and not currently looking ofr a position | 10 Participants | 4 Participants | 6 Participants |
| Employment Status No - but currently looking for a position | 29 Participants | 15 Participants | 14 Participants |
| Employment Status Prefer not to answer | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Employment Status Yes - full-time | 28 Participants | 16 Participants | 12 Participants |
| Employment Status Yes - part-time | 47 Participants | 21 Participants | 26 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 14 Participants | 7 Participants | 7 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 101 Participants | 50 Participants | 51 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Housing Situation Family | 2 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Housing Situation Independently (House or Apartment) | 65 Participants | 30 Participants | 35 Participants |
| Housing Situation Parent or Guardian | 46 Participants | 25 Participants | 21 Participants |
| Housing Situation Prefer Not to Answer | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Housing Situation Public Housing | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 Participants | 1 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 10 Participants | 4 Participants | 6 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 13 Participants | 6 Participants | 7 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 15 Participants | 8 Participants | 7 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 6 Participants | 3 Participants | 3 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 70 Participants | 35 Participants | 35 Participants |
| Relationship Status Casually dating, or hooking up | 19 Participants | 7 Participants | 12 Participants |
| Relationship Status In a committed long-term partnership or married | 54 Participants | 29 Participants | 25 Participants |
| Relationship Status Not currently seeing anyone - and not interested | 14 Participants | 7 Participants | 7 Participants |
| Relationship Status Not currently seeing anyone - but interested | 25 Participants | 12 Participants | 13 Participants |
| Relationship Status Prefer not to answer | 3 Participants | 2 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 64 Participants | 28 Participants | 36 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 51 Participants | 29 Participants | 22 Participants |
| Sexuality Asexual | 18 Participants | 11 Participants | 7 Participants |
| Sexuality Bisexual, pansexual | 37 Participants | 18 Participants | 19 Participants |
| Sexuality Gay, lesbian, homosexual | 16 Participants | 5 Participants | 11 Participants |
| Sexuality Prefer not to answer | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Sexuality Queer | 30 Participants | 16 Participants | 14 Participants |
| Sexuality Straight, heterosexual | 13 Participants | 7 Participants | 6 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 58 | 0 / 57 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 58 | 0 / 57 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 58 | 0 / 57 |
Outcome results
Primary
Demonstrated Skill Score in Communication Skills.
Based on a rubric created for this study of the demonstrable skills for the given recorded roleplay conversation. The points earned on the rubric are summed to create a total score. The scale ranges from 0 to 160 with a higher score indicating higher skill usage.
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 1 month (T2), and 4 months (T3)
Population: All possible participants included at each time point. The reduced numbers reflects those lost to follow up. Further, 3 video files were corrupted or cut off and could not be coded.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Video Library Group | Demonstrated Skill Score in Communication Skills. | T2 Skill Score: Total All Skills | 78.71 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 17.6 |
| Video Library Group | Demonstrated Skill Score in Communication Skills. | T3 Skill Score: Total All Skills | 81.04 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 14.31 |
| Video Library Group | Demonstrated Skill Score in Communication Skills. | T1 Skill Score: Total All Skills | 72.02 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 22.14 |
| Flyer Library Group | Demonstrated Skill Score in Communication Skills. | T1 Skill Score: Total All Skills | 79.33 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 17.76 |
| Flyer Library Group | Demonstrated Skill Score in Communication Skills. | T2 Skill Score: Total All Skills | 74.65 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 18.97 |
| Flyer Library Group | Demonstrated Skill Score in Communication Skills. | T3 Skill Score: Total All Skills | 81.17 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 20.06 |
p-value: <0.001Regression, Linear
Secondary
Coping With Rejection, Jealousy and Relationship Anxiety
Based on a scale by Rothman, Holmes et al 2022. The 16-item scale assessing how participants manage rejection and jealousy. Respondents use a 5-point rating scale to indicate the degree to which they agree with each statement. Add points for each item to create a total scale score. If a respondent skipped two more items, do not score. The score ranges between 16-80. Higher scores indicate better coping with jealousy.
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 1 month (T2), and 4 months (T3)
Population: All possible participants included at each time point. The reduced numbers reflects those lost to follow-up and individuals who declined to answer specific questions.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Video Library Group | Coping With Rejection, Jealousy and Relationship Anxiety | Coping With Rejection Jealousy Scale T1 | 47.60 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 10.67 |
| Video Library Group | Coping With Rejection, Jealousy and Relationship Anxiety | Coping With Rejection Jealousy Scale T2 | 52.58 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 10.96 |
| Video Library Group | Coping With Rejection, Jealousy and Relationship Anxiety | Coping With Rejection Jealousy Scale T3 | 54.88 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 10.94 |
| Flyer Library Group | Coping With Rejection, Jealousy and Relationship Anxiety | Coping With Rejection Jealousy Scale T1 | 47.89 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 10.98 |
| Flyer Library Group | Coping With Rejection, Jealousy and Relationship Anxiety | Coping With Rejection Jealousy Scale T2 | 51.90 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 10.46 |
| Flyer Library Group | Coping With Rejection, Jealousy and Relationship Anxiety | Coping With Rejection Jealousy Scale T3 | 55.86 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 10.74 |
p-value: 0.54Regression, Linear
Secondary
Interpersonal Competence Score
Based on the ICQ; Buhrmester et al, 1988. 40-item scale includes subscales: Initiating relationships, self-disclosure, asserting displeasure with others' actions, providing emotional support, and managing interpersonal conflicts. Respondents use a 5-point rating scale to indicate their level of competence and comfort in handling each type of situation (from 1 = I'm poor at this; I'd feel so uncomfortable and unable to handle this situation, I'd avoid it if possible to 5 = I'm EXTREMELY good at this; I'd feel very comfortable and could handle this situation very well). The scores from the question are summed to create a total score. The score range is between 40 and 200. Higher values indicate more communication competence.
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 1 month (T2), and 4 months (T3)
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Video Library Group | Interpersonal Competence Score | T3 | 137.35 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 24.18 |
| Video Library Group | Interpersonal Competence Score | T2 | 126.74 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 25.48 |
| Video Library Group | Interpersonal Competence Score | T1 | 113.45 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 23.25 |
| Flyer Library Group | Interpersonal Competence Score | T3 | 138.34 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 24.95 |
| Flyer Library Group | Interpersonal Competence Score | T2 | 129.19 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 21.81 |
| Flyer Library Group | Interpersonal Competence Score | T1 | 118.65 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 21.46 |
p-value: 0.782t-test, 2 sided
Secondary
Participant Confidence & Satisfaction in Their Communication Skills
Based on a scale created for the study, the score is comprised of a series of questions about ability to navigate social situations with friends, partners, and acquaintances. The scores from the question are summed to create a total score. The score range is 24 to 120, with higher scores indicating more confidence in ability.
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 1 month (T2), and 4 months (T3)
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Video Library Group | Participant Confidence & Satisfaction in Their Communication Skills | T3 | 63.01 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 10.86 |
| Video Library Group | Participant Confidence & Satisfaction in Their Communication Skills | T2 | 59.15 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 11.89 |
| Video Library Group | Participant Confidence & Satisfaction in Their Communication Skills | T1 | 51.07 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 11.54 |
| Flyer Library Group | Participant Confidence & Satisfaction in Their Communication Skills | T2 | 59.57 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 12.11 |
| Flyer Library Group | Participant Confidence & Satisfaction in Their Communication Skills | T1 | 53.22 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 12.39 |
| Flyer Library Group | Participant Confidence & Satisfaction in Their Communication Skills | T3 | 63.10 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 12.97 |
p-value: 0.996t-test, 2 sided
Secondary
PROMIS Depression Scale T-Scores
Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Depression Short Form. This adult measure is the 8-item PROMIS Depression Short Form that assesses the pure domain of depression in individuals age 18 and older. Each item on the measure is rated on a 5-point scale (1=never; 2=rarely; 3=sometimes; 4=often; and 5=always) with a range in score from 8 to 40 with higher scores indicating greater severity of depression. These raw scores are summed and converted to a T-Score. For the T-Score a higher score indicates greater severity of depression. Generally, a T-score below 55 is considered normal, 55-60 is mild, 60-70 is moderate, and 70 or higher is severe. PROMIS T-scores are standardized to a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10.
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 1 month (T2), and 4 months (T3)
Population: All possible participants included at each time point. The reduced numbers reflects those lost to follow-up and individuals that declined to answer specific survey questions
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Video Library Group | PROMIS Depression Scale T-Scores | PROMIS Depression Time 2 | 58.20 T-Score | Standard Deviation 8.28 |
| Video Library Group | PROMIS Depression Scale T-Scores | PROMIS Depression Time 1 | 57.79 T-Score | Standard Deviation 8.79 |
| Video Library Group | PROMIS Depression Scale T-Scores | PROMIS Depression Time 3 | 58.31 T-Score | Standard Deviation 7.46 |
| Flyer Library Group | PROMIS Depression Scale T-Scores | PROMIS Depression Time 1 | 58.64 T-Score | Standard Deviation 7.47 |
| Flyer Library Group | PROMIS Depression Scale T-Scores | PROMIS Depression Time 2 | 58.30 T-Score | Standard Deviation 8.17 |
| Flyer Library Group | PROMIS Depression Scale T-Scores | PROMIS Depression Time 3 | 55.36 T-Score | Standard Deviation 9.01 |
p-value: 0.03Regression, Linear
Secondary
Promise Anxiety Scale
Adult measure is the 7-item PROMIS Anxiety Short Form that assesses the pure domain of anxiety in individuals age 18 and older. Each item on the measure is rated on a 5-point scale (1=never; 2=rarely; 3=sometimes; 4=often; and 5=always) with a range in score from 7 to 35 with higher scores indicating greater severity of anxiety.
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 1 month (T2), and 4 months (T3)
Population: All possible participants included at each time point. The reduced numbers reflects those lost to follow-up and individuals that declined to answer specific survey questions
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Video Library Group | Promise Anxiety Scale | PROMIS Anxiety Time 3 | 62.11 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 8.66 |
| Video Library Group | Promise Anxiety Scale | PROMIS Anxiety Time 1 | 63.71 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 8.34 |
| Video Library Group | Promise Anxiety Scale | PROMIS Anxiety Time 2 | 62.66 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 8.6 |
| Flyer Library Group | Promise Anxiety Scale | PROMIS Anxiety Time 2 | 61.40 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 7.88 |
| Flyer Library Group | Promise Anxiety Scale | PROMIS Anxiety Time 3 | 59.99 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 8.91 |
| Flyer Library Group | Promise Anxiety Scale | PROMIS Anxiety Time 1 | 63.86 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 8.16 |
p-value: 0.3Regression, Linear
Secondary
PROMIS Life Satisfaction Scale T-Scores
PROMIS (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) Life Satisfaction Short Form is a 5-item for that assesses one's cognitive evaluation of life experiences and whether one likes his/her life or not. Each item on the measure is rated on a 5-point scale (1=never; 2=rarely; 3=sometimes; 4=often; and 5=always). The raw scores are summed and converted to the corresponding T-Score. PROMIS uses T-scores with a population mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10. A higher score represents more life satisfaction.
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 1 month (T2), and 4 months (T3)
Population: All possible participants included at each time point. The reduced numbers reflects those lost to follow-up and individuals that declined to answer specific survey questions
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Video Library Group | PROMIS Life Satisfaction Scale T-Scores | PROMIS Life Satisfaction Time 1 | 40.56 T-Score | Standard Deviation 6.76 |
| Video Library Group | PROMIS Life Satisfaction Scale T-Scores | PROMIS Life Satisfaction Time 2 | 45.04 T-Score | Standard Deviation 9.8 |
| Video Library Group | PROMIS Life Satisfaction Scale T-Scores | PROMIS Life Satisfaction Time 3 | 46.13 T-Score | Standard Deviation 9.18 |
| Flyer Library Group | PROMIS Life Satisfaction Scale T-Scores | PROMIS Life Satisfaction Time 1 | 41.62 T-Score | Standard Deviation 6.77 |
| Flyer Library Group | PROMIS Life Satisfaction Scale T-Scores | PROMIS Life Satisfaction Time 2 | 47.78 T-Score | Standard Deviation 10.73 |
| Flyer Library Group | PROMIS Life Satisfaction Scale T-Scores | PROMIS Life Satisfaction Time 3 | 50.04 T-Score | Standard Deviation 9.47 |
p-value: 0.06Regression, Linear