Hydration
Conditions
Keywords
Liquid IV, Electrolyte, Beverage Hydration Index
Brief summary
No studies to date to evaluate the effects of the three different liquid IV electrolyte products on the beverage hydration index (BHI). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the impact of three different LIV products (Hydration multiplier, Sugar Free formulation with Amino Acids, and Sugar Free with allulose) on hydration status in young and active men and women compared to a control (water). The study will follow the same approach as used by Maughan and colleagues (2016) to measure the fluid balance (the difference between the amount of water consumed and passed as urine) and BHI (the relative amount of urine passed after consumption of a drink compared to water) including time in positive fluid balance, as well as determining electrolyte concentrations, osmolality, specific gravity, and sodium and potassium in urine.
Detailed description
Many attempts have been made to improve and measure the hydration status of active individuals. This typically involves the ingestion of fluids leading up to activity (typically plain water), as well as the ingestion of fluids during the activity itself (water, along with a diluted carbohydrate/electrolyte beverage). This approach seems to work well; however, some debate remains over what the best fluid is to consume, in particular related to the macronutrient type and the specific electrolyte mix. No studies to date to evaluate the effects of the three different liquid IV electrolyte products on the beverage hydration index (BHI). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the impact of three different LIV products (Hydration multiplier, Sugar Free formulation with Amino Acids, and Sugar Free with allulose) on hydration status in young and active men and women compared to a control (water). The study will follow the same approach as used by Maughan and colleagues (2016) to measure the fluid balance (the difference between the amount of water consumed and passed as urine) and BHI (the relative amount of urine passed after consumption of a drink compared to water) including time in positive fluid balance, as well as determining electrolyte concentrations, osmolality, specific gravity, and sodium and potassium in urine.
Interventions
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTMultiplier
Subjects will consume 1 Liter (2 servings) of commercially available Hydration Multiplier product at a rate of 250 milliliters per 7.5 minutes.
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTSugar Free
Subjects will consume 1 Liter (2 servings) of experimental Sugar Free Hydration Multiplier product at a rate of 250 milliliters per 7.5 minutes.
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTSugar Free with Amino Acids
Subjects will consume 1 Liter (2 servings) of commercially available Sugar Free Hydration Multiplier product that contains amino acids at a rate of 250 milliliters per 7.5 minutes.
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTWater
Subjects will consume 1 Liter of water at a rate of 250 milliliters per 7.5 minutes.
Sponsors
University of Memphis
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Masking description
Treatments will be labeled A-D. Subjects will be provided prepared beverages prepared in cup.
Intervention model description
Semi-blinded, placebo controlled, crossover design
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 45 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* body mass index (BMI) \<35 kilgrams per square meter * consistent dietary intake and exercise throughout study period * consumes 2 liters (women) or 2.5 liters (men) of water per day prior to study visits * able to fast for 15 hours
Exclusion criteria
* sensitivity or be allergic to any components of the study product they will be excluded. * tobacco user * specialized diet (low carbohydrate/ketogenic diet, carnivore diet, intermittent fasting, etc.) * caffeine consumption within 12 hours of study visit * strenuous activity within 24 hours of study visit * history or presence of a clinically relevant (that required or requires treatment) cardiac, renal, hepatic, endocrine (including diabetes mellitus), pulmonary, biliary, gastrointestinal, pancreatic, or neurologic disorder * conditions that alter fluid balance or electrolytes/hydration status * consuming any medication which may alter fluid retention/electrolyte levels such as sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor (for type 2 diabetes), laxatives, diuretics, Apremilast, chemotherapy, or lithium. * consuming nutritional supplements, performance enhancing drugs, and/or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs within 7 days of study visits excluding screening). * employee of Liquid IV * be enrolled in another clinical study within 30 days of the first study visit * active infection or illness of any kind
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Beverage Hydration Index | 0 minutes after beverage consumption | Beverage Hydration index calculated as mass of urine collected following control (water) consumption divided by the mass of urine collected following treatment. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Urine Osmolality | 0 minutes before beverage consumption | Urine Osmolality will be measured in milliosmoles per kilogram of water. |
| Urine Sodium | 0 minutes before beverage consumption | Urine Sodium will be measured in millimoles per liter. |
| Urine Potassium | 0 minutes before beverage consumption | Urine Potassium will be measured in millimoles per liter. |
| Urine Specific Gravity | 150 minutes before beverage consumption | Urine Specific Gravity will be measured via refractometry. |
| Net Fluid Balance | 0 minutes after beverage consumption | Net Fluid balance will be calculated subtracting total urine collected from total liquid consumed |
| Potassium balance | 0 minutes after beverage consumption | Potassium Balance will be calculated subtracting total potassium in urine from total potassium consumed in beverage. |
| Body Mass | 0 minutes before beverage consumption | Body Mass in kilograms will be measured using a digital scale |
| Mood and Digestive Questionnaire | 0 minutes before beverage consumption | Subjects will be asked to self-assess their mood and digestive state via a visual analog scale questionnaire with scale 0 (None) to 10 (Extreme) |
| Sodium balance | 0 minutes after beverage consumption | Sodium Balance will be calculated subtracting total sodium in urine from total sodium consumed in beverage. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed