Cardiovascular Diseases, Metabolic Syndrome
Conditions
Keywords
postprandial metabolic events
Brief summary
The aim of the study is to investigate the postprandial effects of legume-enriched meals compared to Western Diet meals on postprandial metabolism. In this context, older adults with increased risk for cardiometabolic diseases consume 4 mixed meals with 36 g or 62 g of protein either designed according to the Planetary Health Diet with legumes as primary protein source or the Western Diet with animal foods as primary protein source, in a randomized order. In a postprandial observation period of 6 hours, parameters of lipid metabolism, glucose and insulin metabolism, amino acid profile, as well as markers of inflammation and vascular function are analysed. Furthermore, neuropsychological parameters and satiety-associated hormones are investigated.
Detailed description
In a randomized crossover design, 30 older men and women with increased risk for cardiometabolic diseases consume 4 mixed meals, which differ in dietary pattern, protein source and protein quantity. Two meals are designed according to the Planetary Health Diet with legumes as primary protein source whereas the other two meals are designed according to the Western Diet with animal food as primary protein source. Two meals are designed as high protein meals (62 g of protein) and two meals are designed as low protein meals (36 g of Protein). Therefore, participants consume 4 different test meals, a Low and a High Protein Western Diet Meal and a Low and a High Protein Planetary Health Diet Meal in a randomized order. During a postprandial observation period of 6 hours, parameters of lipid metabolism (e.g., plasma triglycerides), glucose metabolism (e.g., plasma glucose, serum insulin), as well as markers of inflammation (e.g., IL-6) and vascular function (e.g., pulse wave velocity) are analysed. Furthermore, amino acid profile, neuropsychologic parameters (e.g., appetite) and satiety-associated hormones (e.g., Ghrelin) are investigated. Each intervention will be separated by a washout period of approximately 14 days.
Interventions
OTHERHigh Protein Planetary Health Diet
Planetary Health Diet Meal with 62 g of protein primarily from plant origin
OTHERLow Protein Planetary Health Diet
Planetary Health Diet Meal with 36 g of protein primarily from plant origin
OTHERHigh Protein Western Diet
Western Diet Meal with 62 g of protein primarily from animal origin
OTHERLow Protein Western Diet
Western Diet Meal with 36 g of protein primarily from animal origin
Sponsors
Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL)
Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (BLE)
University of Bonn
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
50 Years to 75 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* written informed consent * Non-smoking * BMI: 27 - 34,9 kg/m2 * Waist circumference (women ≥ 80 cm, men ≥ 94 cm) * Systolic blood pressure: ≥ 120 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure: ≥ 80 mmHg * At least one of the following criteria * Fasting triglycerides in serum: ≥ 150 mg/dL * Fasting HDL-Cholesterol in serum: women \< 50 mg/dl, men \< 40 mg/dL * Fasting C-reactive protein in serum: ≥ 2 mg/L * Fasting glucose in plasma: ≥ 100 mg/dL
Exclusion criteria
* food intolerances and allergies (especially to legumes) * Smoking * malabsorption syndromes * thyroid diseases * impaired renal function * chronic liver disease * heart failure * myocardial infarction * insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus * chronic inflammatory diseases * tumors * anemia * immunosuppression * intake of supplements (e.g., fish oil) * Participation in another study * other
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Parameters of lipid metabolism in blood | Postprandial period of 6 hours (T=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 hours) | Triglycerides (mg/dL) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Parameters of lipid metabolism in blood | Postprandial period of 6 hours (T=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 hours) | Total cholesterol (mg/dL) |
| Blood amino acid profile | Postprandial period of 6 hours (T= 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 hours) | Amino acid profile in blood (nmol/mL) |
| Blood urea | Postprandial period of 6 hours (T=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 hours) | Urea in blood (mg/dL) |
| Uric acid in blood | Postprandial period of 6 hours (T=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 hours) | Uric acid in blood (mg/dL) |
| Parameters of glucose metabolism in blood | Postprandial period of 6 hours (T=0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6 hours) | Glucose (mg/dL) |
| Parameters of endothelial function in blood | Postprandial period of 6 hours (T= 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 hours) | e.g. ADMA (µmo/L) |
| Parameters of inflammation in blood | Postprandial period of 6 hours (T= 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 hours) | e.g. IL-6 (pg/mL) |
| Endothelial function | Postprandial period of 6 hours (T=0, 2, 4, 6 hours) | e.g. pulse wave velocity (m/s) |
| Neuropsychological parameters | Postprandial period of 6 hours (T=0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 hours) | Assessment of hunger and satiety via a visual analogue scale (e.g. 0 = not hungry at all to 10 = very hungry) |
| Parameters of hunger and satiety in blood | Postprandial period of 6 hours (T= 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 hours) | e.g. Ghrelin (pg/mL) |
Countries
Germany
Outcome results
None listed