Keratoconus
Conditions
Keywords
Keratoconus, Corneal cross-linking, Epithelium-on CXL
Brief summary
Keratoconus (KC) is a bilateral asymmetric progressive corneal degenerative disease. The management of young patients, diagnosed with clinically evident KC in one eye and with no clinical signs of KC in the other eye, represents a real challenge for many ophthalmologists. The aim of the current study is to investigate the effectiveness and safety of epithelium-on accelerated CXL to stabilize the eye with no clinical signs of KC, in young patients with unilateral clinically evident KC, compared with standard care and follow-up only.
Detailed description
Keratoconus (KC) is a bilateral asymmetric progressive corneal degenerative disease associated with corneal thinning and protrusion with resultant irregular astigmatism and visual loss. Although several studies showed that epithelium-off corneal cross-linking (epi-off CXL) is more effective in preventing KC progression compared with epithelium-on corneal cross-linking (epi-on CXL), the removal of corneal epithelium in epi-off CXL might be associated with a number of serious complications such as persistent epithelial defects and sight-threatening infectious keratitis. Additionally, recent systematic reviews and meta-analysis concluded that epi-on CXL is as effective as epi-off CXL in terms of visual and topographic stability of keratoconus, but has the advantage of being much safer avoiding the complications of epithelial removal. The management of the better eye, of young patients with unilateral clinically evident KC, is controversial. Some ophthalmologists prefer to cross-link the better eye, while others prefer to conservatively follow it up, in order to avoid complications of epithelial removal in epi-off CXL.
Interventions
PROCEDUREEpithelium-on corneal cross-linking (epi-on CXL)
In epithelium-on corneal cross-linking (epi-on CXL), the cornea is soaked with riboflavin for 10 minutes (Paracel® for 4 minutes and VibeX-xtra® for 6 minutes) . Thereafter, the cornea is subjected to ultraviolet A at a wavelength of 370 nm to give a total dose of 5.4 J/cm² through 10 milliwatt mW/cm² for 9 minutes.
Sponsors
Assiut University
Study design
Observational model
OTHER
Time perspective
RETROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
12 Years to 30 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
Patients aged 12 to 30 years presented with forme fruste (FFKC) or subclinical KC, based on the following criteria: 1. Normal slit lamp examination 2. Normal topography in FFKC and suspicious topography in subclinical KC with asymmetric bow-tie or inferior steeping (inferior-superior value less than 1.40 D in the anterior sagittal curvature map in pentacam) 3. Clinical and topographic features of KC in the other eye.
Exclusion criteria
1. Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) worse than 0.1 logMAR 2. Corneal thickness at the thinnest location less than 400 μm 3. Severe ocular allergy (active catarrhal keratoconjunctivitis) 4. Other corneal or ocular diseases 5. Systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and autoimmune diseases
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Steep keratometry value | 24 months | The steep keratometry is measured using pentacam. A higher value means a worse outcome. |
| Maximum keratometry value | 24 months | The maximum keratometry is measured using pentacam. A higher value means a worse outcome. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Corrected distance visual acuity | 24 months | Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) is measured with Snellen's acuity chart and converted to logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) notation. The higher the logMAR CDVA, the worse the outcome. |
Countries
Egypt
Outcome results
None listed