Impact of Sodium-glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors on Post-operative Atrial Fibrillation in Cardiothoracic Surgery

Atrial Fibrillation

SGLT2 inhibitors are oral anti-diabetic medications that were found to improve cardiorenal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction, and chronic kidney disease. Recent evidence suggested that the use of SGLT2 inhibitors resulted in a significant reduction in atrial fibrillation (AF) over a mean follow-up duration of 2.6 years. Given the possible AF protective benefit with SGLT2 inhibitors use.

we aim to conduct a retrospective cohort study to evaluate the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors use on post-operative AF (POAF) among patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery, including coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), valve replacement, and valve repair over a 6-year period (from 1/06/2017 to 1/07/2023). The follow-up period will be the post-operative hospital stay or 30-days, whichever is shorter, and the data will be obtained from the electronic medical records. The study outcomes will include effectiveness outcomes of incidence of POAF regardless of frequency, duration, or intervention used for termination, incidence of paroxysmal POAF, incidence of paroxysmal POAF requiring pharmacological cardioversion, incidence of hemodynamically unstable POAF requiring electrical cardioversion, incidence of persistent POAF (sustained beyond 7 days), incidence of POAF requiring anticoagulation, ischemic stroke, and safety outcomes of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis and urinary tract infections (UTI).

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