Exercise
Conditions
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a single session of at-home bodyweight interval exercise, performed in the fasted or fed state, on postprandial glycemic management, post-exercise fat oxidation, and overall perceptions of appetite in recreationally active females. This is a remote/online study and does not involve any visits to the laboratory.
Detailed description
Following the acquisition of informed consent via videoconferencing, eligibility to participate in the study will be determined using questionnaires. If inclusion criteria is met, participants will undergo virtual exercise familiarization by following a pre-recorded instructional video. Eligible participants will be assigned, in a random order, to two metabolic trials at least 3 days apart in the follicular phase of the same menstrual cycle. These visits will be online with an investigator on videoconferencing. The two trials involve: 1) Exercise followed by breakfast; and 2) Breakfast followed by exercise. Various outcomes will be measured throughout the metabolic trials including: blood sugar, fat oxidation and appetite. All research tools needed to acquire these methods will be delivered to participants' place of residence.
Interventions
OTHERFasted exercise
Bodyweight interval exercise performed 5 minutes before the start of a mixed-macronutrient breakfast meal
OTHERFed exercise
Bodyweight interval exercise performed 10 minutes after the start of consuming a mixed-macronutrient breakfast meal
Sponsors
University of Toronto
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 35 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Females 18-35 years * Recreationally active (complete \<150 min of exercise 1-3 days per week) and not training for any specific sport * Experiencing monthly menstrual periods (eumenorrheic) * Are not currently on oral contraceptives, or are taking triphasic oral contraceptives * Body mass index (BMI) ≥18.5 kg/m2 and ≤30 kg/m2 * Regular consumption of a breakfast meal (solid and liquid meals apply) most (≥ 4) days of the week * Have a device compatible for use with study applications (e.g., smart phone)
Exclusion criteria
* Inability to safely perform physical activity as determined by the Get Active Questionnaire * Not willing to consume the standardized test drink before and after exercise * Sensitive to meal timing around exercise (e.g., gastrointestinal issues if exercise performed 10 min after the start of meal consumption or if a meal is consumed 5 min after exercise) * Inability to adhere to pre-trial protocol guidelines (e.g., caffeine or alcohol restrictions) * Physical limitations for bodyweight exercise * Are on monophasic or biphasic oral contraceptives * Regular tobacco or cannabis use (e.g., recreational and/or medical cannabis, cigarettes, e-cigarettes, vape pens, JUUL) * Regular use of drugs that may alter metabolism (e.g., corticosteroids, nSAIDs) * Diagnosed medical condition under the care of care of a physician (e.g., type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease) Currently enrolled in a course with Dr. Gillen
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Average blood glucose concentration | 2 hours | Average blood glucose concentration during postprandial period |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Blood glucose concentration | 2 hours | Blood glucose concentration across postprandial period |
| Blood glucose area under the curve | 2 hours | blood glucose area under the curve during postprandial period |
| Peak blood glucose concentration | 2 hours | peak glucose across postprandial period |
| Post-exercise fat oxidation | pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise, up to 3 hours post-exercise | post-exercise fat oxidation measured as percent carbon dioxide |
| Appetite Perceptions | pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise, and 1, 2 and 3 hours post-exercise | Visual analog scales (0-100) will be used to determine perceptions of hunger, satisfaction, fullness, and prospective food consumption with higher scores denoting increased perceptions. |
Countries
Canada
Outcome results
None listed