Alcohol Drinking, Bariatric Surgery, Obesity
Conditions
Keywords
bariatric surgery, obesity, alcohol, predictor, longitudinal
Brief summary
A large body of studies indicate an increase in alcohol use disorder (AUD) rates after bariatric surgery. However, little information exists on the evolution of other drinking patterns after surgery and the psychological predictors of problematic drinking postoperatively. The identification of these factors is necessary for the implementation of prevention strategies regarding postoperative problematic alcohol use. The aim of this research is to examine the evolution of various drinking patterns after bariatric surgery as well as the psychological factors associated with AUD and an increase in postoperative alcohol consumption.
Detailed description
Obesity affects 15.9% of the Belgian population and remains a difficult disease to treat with traditional weight loss interventions. Its high prevalence and the negative consequences it entails make it a public health concern. Bariatric surgery is associated with long-term weight loss and an improvement in obesity-related comorbidities. However, despite its success in achieving significant and lasting weight loss, numerous studies raise the emergence of unpleasant psychosocial problems after the operation, including an increase of regular alcohol consumption and prevalence of AUD. Some of these studies are longitudinal and include large samples. For example, in a prospective multicenter study, King et al., (2017) found that more than 20% of patients with a bariatric surgery present symptoms of AUD within five years after surgery. Moreover, some studies suggest that, among patients with postoperative AUD, some had never suffered from alcohol problems before surgery. Given the severe negative consequences of AUD for the individuals who suffer from it, their family and the society, better understanding the factors involved in postoperative alcohol use problems is necessary. However, little is known about predictors of post-bariatric surgery AUD. Known risk factors are: male gender, smoking, regular alcohol consumption before surgery, younger age, recreational drug use, lower sense of belonging and ADHD symptoms. Information is lacking about the psychological risk factors for postoperative AUD and regarding the evolution of problematic drinking patterns other than AUD after surgery. Given the previously cited gaps in the scientific literature, the present research's aims are to study the evolution of different drinking patterns after bariatric surgery as well as the psychological factors associated with AUD and increased alcohol consumption postoperatively.
Interventions
PROCEDUREBariatric surgery
Participants whose application for bariatric surgery was accepted, regardless of the type of surgical intervention (e.g., sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass). This longitudinal study includes five measurement times: before surgery and then, 6 months, one year, one and a half years and two years after surgery. At each measurement time, participants are asked to respond to a set of online questionnaires. Responses are anonymous.
Sponsors
University of Liege
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Being 18 years or older at the time of surgery * Having a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 40 or a BMI greater than or equal to 35 with at least one obesity-related comorbidity * Having a scheduled surgery date * Fluency in French speaking * Being able to complete the questionnaires, i.e. have access to a computer or a smartphone
Exclusion criteria
* Being a minor at the time of the operation * Having difficulty reading or understanding French. * Not having access to a computer or a smartphone to answer the questionnaires
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Drinking Motives | Before bariatric surgery and 6 months, one year, one and a half years and two years after surgery. | Assessment of reasons for consuming alcohol using the Drinking Motives Questionnaire - Revised Short Form. This questionnaire is composed of 12 items and 4 subscales assessing four types of motivation to drink. Scores on each of the subscales range from 3 to 9, with higher scores indicating more motivations to drink. |
| Alcohol Intoxication | Before bariatric surgery and 6 months, one year, one and a half years and two years after surgery. | Frequency of alcohol intoxication assessed by a single item. |
| Antecedents of alcohol use problems | Before surgery only. | Assessment of the lifetime presence of alcohol problems using the CAGE questionnaire (CAGE as an acronym for Cut down drinking, Annoyed by criticism, Guilty feelings and Eye-opener).This questionnaire is made up of 4 items to which participants can respond on a binary scale (yes or no). Two or more yes answers indicate an alcohol abuse problem. |
| Sensitivity to alcohol | At 6 months and one year after surgery. | Single-question assessment of the extent to which participants perceive a change in their response to alcohol following bariatric surgery. |
| Alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorder | Before bariatric surgery and 6 months, one year, one and a half years and two years after surgery. | Alcohol consumption and presence of alcohol use disorder assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Scores on the AUDIT range from 0 to 40, with higher scores indicating more problematic alcohol use. |
| Binge drinking | Before bariatric surgery and 6 months, one year, one and a half years and two years after surgery. | Frequency of binge drinking as evaluated by a three item questionnaire. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Anxiety | Before bariatric surgery and 6 months, one year, one and a half years and two years after surgery. | Assessment of anxiety using the Anxiety subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.This subscale has 7 items. Scores vary between 0 and 21. A score greater than or equal to 8 is an indicator of anxiety. |
| Depression | Before bariatric surgery and 6 months, one year, one and a half years and two years after surgery. | Assessment of depressive symptoms using the Depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.This subscale has 7 items. Scores vary between 0 and 21. A score greater than or equal to 8 is an indicator of depressive symptoms. |
| Impulsivity | Before bariatric surgery and one year post-surgery. | Assessment of impulsivity through a short version of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. This scale includes 5 subscales: negative urgency, positive urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, and sensation seeking. Higher scores on these subscales indicate higher levels of impulsivity. |
| Binge eating | Before bariatric surgery and one and two years post-surgery. | Assessment of binge eating behaviors using the Binge Eating Scale. Scores on this scale range from 0 to 46, with a higher score indicating a higher levels of binge eating. A score greater than or equal to 18 on this scale indicates binge eating disorder. |
| Emotional eating | Before bariatric surgery and one and two years post-surgery. | Assessment of emotional eating through the emotional eating subscale of the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Scores on this subscale range from 13 to 65, with higher scores indicating a greater tendency toward emotional eating. |
| Grazing | Before bariatric surgery and one and two years post-surgery. | Assessment of grazing behaviors through a single question. |
| Emotion regulation | Before bariatric surgery and one and two years post-surgery. | Assessment of emotional regulation using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. It includes 6 subscales (i.e., nonacceptance of emotional responses, difficulty engaging in goal-directed behavior, impulse control difficulties, lack of emotional awareness, limited access to emotion regulation strategies and lack of emotional clarity). A total score is calculated as well as scores for each subscale. Higher scores suggest higher levels of emotional regulation deficits. |
| Experiential Avoidance | Before bariatric surgery and one and two years post-surgery. | Assessment of experiential avoidance using the Brief Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire. Scores on this scale range from 15 to 90, with higher scores indicating higher levels of experiential avoidance. |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic data | These questions are only asked at baseline, before bariatric surgery. They will be used to provide the description of the participant's characteristics and to control their effects while conducting some statistical analyses. | Questions relating to age, gender, professional, marital status, etc. |
| Height | Before surgery only. | Height in meters. |
| Weight | Before bariatric surgery and 6 months, one year, one and a half years and two years after surgery. | Weight in kilograms. |
| Type of surgery | Before surgery only. | One question regarding the type of surgical procedure the patient will undergo. |
Countries
Belgium
Contacts
Primary ContactER Esin
Outcome results
None listed