Diabete Type 2
Conditions
Keywords
diabetes mellitus, temporomandibular joint, neuropathy
Brief summary
The aim of this observational case-control study was to investigate the effect of diabetic peripheral neuropathy symptoms on temporomandibular joint functionality in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Detailed description
The number of participants planned to be included in the study was decided with the G-Power programme. While calculating the number of individuals to be included in the study, it was calculated that the sample size to obtain an effect size of 0.6 for the purpose of evaluation within the 95% confidence interval in a way to provide 80% study power at 5% Type 1 and 20% Type 2 error limits should be 74 (n=37) individuals. This study included 70 individuals (DM study group=40 individuals, control group=30 individuals). Peripheral neuropathy symptoms of all participants were evaluated with the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Test. In the evaluation of TMJ functionality, the presence of pain, maximum pain-free mouth opening, mandibular dysfunction and dysfunction were assessed with the help of scales. Duration of diabetes mellitus was recorded and quality of life was evaluated with Ferran Powers Quality of Life Index.
Interventions
A two-step test consisting of symptom questionnaire and physical examination was used. The symptom questionnaire includes 15 questions about the legs and feet. Physical examination includes assessment of the appearance of the feet, Achilles reflex, thumb vibration and monofilament tests.
OTHERNumeric Pain Scale
In this simple method, which is frequently used to measure pain intensity in the clinic and whose validity and reliability have been demonstrated, the participant is asked to mark a number on a 10 cm scale with numbers ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (unbearable pain) for the pain.
OTHERMandibular Function Disorder Questionnaire
This valid and reliable scale evaluating mandibular dysfunction consists of two dimensions and 17 questions.A high total score obtained from the questionnaire indicates a high level of impairment in jaw function
This scale, which is valid and reliable as a TMJ disorder assessment tool, includes 10 questions. The presence of TMD is accepted in those with a score of 25.
OTHERFerrans&Powers Quality of Life Index Diabetes Version
This index consists of two parts and a total of 68 items. A high score indicates a good quality of life.
Sponsors
Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
48 Years to 78 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Individuals diagnosed with type 2 DM
Exclusion criteria
* Having diabetic foot ulcer, * Mini Mental Test score below 24, * History of psychiatric illness, cancer, neurological problems, congenital anomalies, musculoskeletal problems, systemic disease, facial paralysis, surgical operation related to spine, abdomen and/or TMJ problem * Receiving any treatment related to spine and TMJ in less than 6 months
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument | May 2023- November 2023 | The symptom questionnaire includes 15 questions about the legs and feet. Physical examination includes assessment of the appearance of the feet, Achilles reflex, thumb vibration and monofilament tests. High score indicates increased neuropathy |
| Numeric Pain Scale | May 2023- November 2023 | The participant is asked to mark a number on a 10 cm scale, on which numbers are shown in the range of 0 (no pain) to 10 (unbearable pain) for the pain. High score indicates increased pain |
| Maximum pain-free mouth opening | May 2023- November 2023 | The maximum pain-free mouth opening was recorded using a 15 cm ruler |
| Mandibular Function Disorder Questionnaire | May 2023- November 2023 | This scale evaluating mandibular dysfunction consists of two dimensions and 17 questions.A high total score obtained from the questionnaire indicates a high level of impairment in jaw function. |
| Fonseca Anamnestic Index | May 2023- November 2023 | This scale includes 10 questions. The presence of TMD is accepted in those with a score of 25. High score indicates increased dysfunction. |
| Ferrans&Powers Quality of Life Index Diabetes Version | May 2023- November 2023 | The Quality of Life Assessment Index consists of two parts and a total of 68 items. A high score indicates a good quality of life |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed