Healthy Subjects, Stuttering, Developmental
Conditions
Keywords
stuttering
Brief summary
Stuttering negatively impacts communication and reduces the overall quality of life and well-being of individuals who stutter. This study will provide a strong foundation for developing neural and behavioral interventions for stuttering. Participants will be asked to name pictures, read words/sentences silently or aloud, and listen to speech and nonspeech sounds while their speech, muscle, and brain signals are collected. Some participants may also receive brain stimulation while reading and speaking.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALDelaying speech initiation
This intervention will examine the effects of misalignment between prediction and auditory feedback in participants. We will use transcranial magnetic stimulation to induce a temporal misalignment between prediction and auditory feedback while participants produce speech.
BEHAVIORALAuditory errors and pre-speech auditory modulation
This intervention will examine the contributions of auditory errors to pre-speech auditory modulation. Participants will receive auditory perturbations while speaking, and we will collect their brain activities throughout the study.
BEHAVIORALContributions of the speech premotor cortex to pre-speech auditory modulation
This intervention will examine the effects of stimulation of the left ventral premotor cortex on pre-speech auditory modulation. Participants will receive electrical stimulation while speaking.
BEHAVIORALDelaying auditory feedback
This intervention will examine the effects of misalignment between prediction and auditory feedback in participants. We will use delayed auditory feedback to induce a temporal misalignment between prediction and auditory feedback while participants produce speech.
Sponsors
University of Washington
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)
Arizona State University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
3 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* being a monolingual, native speaker of American English * absence of developmental, psychological, neurological, or communication disorders (other than developmental stuttering) as confirmed by a certified research SLP * normal (age-appropriate) binaural pure-tone hearing threshold (0.5-4k Hz; ≤25 dB HL for younger than 70 years, and ≤35 dB HL for older than 70 years) * not taking any medications that affect the central nervous system * absence of safety contra-indication for tDCS, TMS and MRI (for adults) * scoring at the 20th percentile or higher on standardized speech-language tests (for children)
Exclusion criteria
\-
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in brain activity before and during speaking | within each session of the study that may last up to 2 hours | Participants will hear speech sounds in each trial before speaking or reading words. Participants' brain activity will be recorded while completing the speaking or reading tasks. The investigators will measure how the participant's brain activity in response to the played sounds changes during speaking and reading tasks. For this purpose, the investigators will measure the amplitude of the brain activity (in microvolts; µV) measured using a commercial electroencephalography system. The amplitude (µV) of the brain signals will be examined both before speaking and during speaking at two time points. |
| change in speech when participants experience auditory errors | within each session of the study that may last up to 2 hours | In each trial, participants will experience an auditory error while they produce speech (e.g., they may say head but hear had). The investigators will measure how the participants' speech changes due to auditory errors that they experience in the current trial. For this p\[purpose, the investigators will use commercial microphones to record speech signals and then examine the amplitude of the speech in specific frequency ranges (measured in Hertz; Hz). The frequencies (Hz) of speech in trials with auditory errors will be compared with those without auditory errors. |
Countries
United States
Contacts
Primary ContactAyoub Daliri, PhD
Outcome results
None listed