Stress
Conditions
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of music-based mindfulness on stress reduction among East Asian international students.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALMusic-based Mindfulness
The participants will receive a single 20-minute music-based mindfulness session in person. The participants will listen to instrumental music during the session.
BEHAVIORALControl Group
The participants will receive a single 20-minute information session in person. The information session will introduce the definition, history, basic concepts, and benefits of mindfulness practice.
Sponsors
University of Miami
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Being 18 years of age or older * Pursuing an undergraduate/graduate degree with an F-1 visa * Originating from regions including China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, North Korea, South Korea, and Japan * Living in the United States for no more than 3 years * Having less than one year of mindfulness practice
Exclusion criteria
• Individuals not meeting inclusion criteria
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Spielberger State-Anxiety Inventory | 5 minutes before intervention and 5 minutes post intervention | The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory survey which has six-item short-form of the state(STAI: Y-6 score. To calculate the total STAI score (range 20 - 80): * reverse scoring of the positive items (calm, relaxed, content) so 1=4, 2=3, 3=2 and 4=1; * sum all six scores; * multiply total score by 20/6; * refer to Spielberger's manuals to interpret scores (a 'normal' score is approx. 34 - 36) Participant will complete the survey 5 minutes prior to the intervention and then 5 minutes after the intervention |
| Change in researcher-designed attention scale | 5 minutes before intervention and 5 minutes post intervention | There are two items. The first item I am very focused in the present right now will utilize a 5-point scale ranging from 1= Not at All to 5= Extremely. Conversely, the second item I have a lot of distracting thoughts right now will be measured using a reversed score. In this context, higher scores signify greater levels of attention. A composite score of these two items will be reported. |
| Change in Trail Making Test, Part A and B | 5 minutes before intervention and 5 minutes post intervention | The Trail Making Test (TMT) is a timed test and the goal is to complete the test as accurately and as quickly as possible. Raw scores are reported in seconds to complete the test. For Part B, an average score is 75 seconds and a deficient score is greater than 273 seconds. The present study reports T-scores, which can range from a minimum of 0 and a maximum of 100. The higher the T- score achieved by a participant, the better the performance, indicating a higher level of functioning. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed