Appetite and General Nutritional Disorders, Appetitive Behavior, Blood Sugar; High, Diabetes, Diet, Healthy
Conditions
Keywords
Beta-glucan, Fiber, Glycemic Control, Appetite
Brief summary
Novel barley varieties high in the soluble fiber β-glucan have the capacity to improve population health through improving glycemic control. Sweetened and unsweetened wholegrain barley foods were tested in a randomized, controlled, crossover human clinical trial to assess impact on postprandial appetite and food intake.
Interventions
OTHERWR
Unsweetened preload condition: 240 mL white glutinous rice, 250 kcal, 0 g β-glucan
OTHERLB
Unsweetened preload condition: 240 mL low β-glucan barley, 250 kcal, \ 4 g β-glucan
OTHERMB
Unsweetened preload condition: 240 mL medium β-glucan barley, 250 kcal, \ 5 g β-glucan
OTHERHB
Unsweetened preload condition: 240 mL high β-glucan barley, 250 kcal, \ 6 g β-glucan
OTHERWR+50g HFCS
Sweetened condition with high fructose corn syrup (HFCS): 240 mL white glutinous rice + 50g HFCS, 391 kcal, 0 g β-glucan
OTHERLB + 50 g HFCS
Sweetened condition with high fructose corn syrup (HFCS): 240 mL low β-glucan barley + 50 g HFCS, 391 kcal, \ 4 g β-glucan
OTHERMB + 50 g HFCS
Sweetened condition with high fructose corn syrup (HFCS): 240 mL medium β-glucan barley + 50 g HFCS, 391 kcal, \ 5 g β-glucan
OTHERHB + 50 g HFCS
Sweetened condition with high fructose corn syrup (HFCS): 240 mL high β-glucan barley + 50 g HFCS, 391 kcal, \ 6 g β-glucan
Sponsors
Washington State University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 50 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* 18-50 years of age * Body Mass Index (BMI) values of 18.5-40.0 kg/m2 * Normal fasting blood glucose (\<100 mg/dL)
Exclusion criteria
* Use of medications known to be associated with weight change (e.g., beta-blockers) * Use of steroid pills or shots such as prednisone or cortisone * Use of nicotine * Weight change of ten or more pounds in the last three months * Major daily variation in physical activity (e.g., athletes in training) * History of extensive small bowel surgery or surgery to treat obesity * History of heart attack, stroke, or bypass * History of cancer within the last five years (exception: non-melanoma skin cancer) * Recent or current medical diagnosis or medical treatment that would alter appetite, energy needs, satiety, and/or could impact the results of the trial * Medical diagnoses of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, high levels of blood lipids, asthma, cold, and flu (exception: hypertension, if treated with medication prescribed more than three months prior to the screening activity) * Fear of blood or needles * Dietary restrictions that would interfere with consuming test foods (e.g., gluten intolerance, vegan, corn syrup allergy) * Following a weight modification diet * Sensitive to food textures present in the test foods * Following personal schedules that would not permit attendance at all scheduled testing sessions * Unable to comprehend the nature of the trial or instructions * Unable to understand English sufficiently to complete the trial
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Postprandial glycemic response | 4 hours | Blood glucose measured every 15 minutes post-preload ingestion |
| Subjective appetite | 4 hours | Self-reported appetite measured using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) every 15 minutes post-preload ingestion |
| Food intake | 30 minutes | Food intake at a 16-item ad libitum test meal served 4 hours post-preload ingestion |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed