Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
Conditions
Keywords
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
Brief summary
Motor adaptation is guided by state estimation, a dynamic prediction of the interaction consequences between body and environment in the sensorimotor system. Previous studies have shown that the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) and cerebellum are potential candidates for state estimators. However, neither direct evidence linking neural substrates of state estimation and motor adaptation nor the differences in state estimation in these two brain areas was presented. A comparison of neuromodulation effects over PPC and cerebellum in motor adaptation tasks could provide direct evidence to solve the knowledge gap. Objective: This study aims to provide direct evidence to link state estimation and motor adaptation, and the neuromodulation effects of PPC and cerebellum in motor adaptation by using anodal transcranial direct current stimulation.
Detailed description
This was a single-blind, sham-controlled study. All participants were randomized to the PPC, cerebellum, and sham stimulation group. The ankle tracking system was used to record the ankle tracking visuomotor task during the motor learning phase, motor adaptation phase, and motor re-adaptation phase. Normalized root-mean squared error (RMSE) and RMSE reduction rate were measured as the performance outcome. A 20-minute atDCS at 2 mA anodal tDCS was given during the motor adaptation phase. The immediate effect and after effect of tDCS were seen in the motor adaptation phase and motor re-adaptation phase, respectively.
Interventions
20-minutes, 2 mA anodal tDCS delivering through two 5 cm x 7 cm electrodes
20-minutes, 0 mA anodal tDCS delivering through two 5 cm x 7 cm electrodes
Sponsors
National Science and Technology Council
National Taiwan University Hospital
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
20 Years to 29 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* age between 20\ 29 years old * normal ankle range of motion and muscle strength * intact cognitive function (Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) \>27) * corrected vision \> 0.9.
Exclusion criteria
* any neurologic or psychiatric disease history * musculoskeletal disease that interferes lower extremities movement * severe cardiopulmonary or systematic disease (e.g. unstable angina, severe arrhythmia, heart failure, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, aortic stenosis, pulmonary embolism, kidney failure) * paresthesia * seizure history * brain surgery, meningitis, encephalitis history * drainage tube on the head * metal or other insertion in the brain * insertion of electric medical device (e.g. pacemaker, cochlear implant) * pregnancy * taking central nervous system medication (e.g. antidepressants, anxiolytic) * alcoholic addiction or drug abuse * open wound, allergy, rash, or other illness that would affect the placement of tDCS * headache, disgusting, vomit, or any other severe side effect to the tDCS
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Block root-mean squared error (RMSE) | 2 hours during the time of assessment of the participant | RMSE is the error between target trajectory and subject cursor trajectory. Every 5 trials of RMSE were averaged into one block. |
| RMSE reduction rate | 2 hours during the time of assessment of the participant | ΔRMSEi-(i+1) = (RMSEi - RMSEi+1) / RMSEi x 100% |
Countries
Taiwan
Outcome results
None listed